大学英语四级写作常见结构性错误

时间：2020-09-16 16:56:17 英语四级我要投稿

大学英语四级写作常见结构性错误

　　大学英语四级写作常见结构性错误：使用修饰语时，要注意它们同主语的呼应，不可使其无所依附，或错误依附，从而造成悬垂修饰。可以通过两种方式对含有悬垂修饰语的句子进行修改：修改主语，使主句主语等同于修饰语的.逻辑主语;或者修改修饰语，把修饰语变成一个从句。

大学英语四级写作常见结构性错误

　　一、成分缺失

　　英语句子中有六个基本句式：

　　(1)S+V主谓结构

　　(2)S+V+O主谓宾结构

　　(3)S+V+P主谓表结构

　　(4)S+V+O1+O2主谓双宾语结构

　　(5)S+V+O+C主谓宾补结构

　　(6)There be结构

　　原句：At present，it is very common that marriage across the nations

　　修正：At present，it is very common to find marriage across the nations.

　　原句：If they from different countries，they will have different living habits.

　　修正：If they are from different countries，they will have different living habits.

　　原句：If continue，there is no room and no resources left for more people in the future.

　　修正：If this continues，there is no room and no resources left for more people in the future.

　　二、悬垂修饰错误

　　修饰语的作用是描述其他的词，从而起到修饰、限定、强调或解释的作用。因此，修饰语与它们所描述的词之间关系紧密，这种关系对于考生来说十分清楚;当修饰语和句子中其他词之间的关系不是特别清楚时，这种修饰语被称之为悬垂修饰。当用分词、不定式、介词短语、动名词或省略句作修饰语时，考生受汉语影响，其作文中常会出现悬垂现象。使用时，要注意它们同主语的呼应，不可使其无所依附，或错误依附，从而造成悬垂修饰。可以通过两种方式对含有悬垂修饰语的句子进行修改：

　　① 修改主语，使主句主语等同于修饰语的逻辑主语;

　　② 修改修饰语，把修饰语变成一个从句。

　　原句：To finish the work in time，the machine is kept running all the time.

　　修正：To finish the work in time，we kept the machine running all the time.

　　原句：Looking out of the window，the grassland stretch as far as the eye can reach.

　　修正：Looking out of the window，I can see the grassland stretch as far as the eye can reach.

　　原句：Having heard the terrible news，his heart beat fast.

　　修正：When he heard the terrible news，his heart beat fast.

　　原句：At the age of ten，my grandmother died.

　　修正：When I was at ten，my grandmother died.

　　原句：To get ready for the trip，all the things she needed were put into a suitcase.

　　修正：To get ready for the trip，she put all the things she needed into a suitcase.

　　三、一致性错误

　　英语句子的一致性包括主谓一致，人称、时态、语态和数等的一致，以及句子成分前后的语法和逻辑性的一致。

　　原句：“Six chairs” are not correct here.

　　修正：“Six chairs” is not correct here.(如果主语为引语，谓语动词要用单数。)

　　原句：Politics are more difficult than physics.

　　修正：Politics is more difficult than physics.

　　原句：Whether or not we'll go to Beijing have not been decided yet.

　　修正：Whether or not we'll go to Beijing has not been decided yet.

　　原句：Sometimes the wealthy also needs help.

　　修正：Sometimes the wealthy also need help.

　　原句：When I was in high school，you never knew what to expect.

　　修正：When I was in high school，I never knew what to expect.

　　原句：I was extremely sorry you are injured.

　　修正：I am extremely sorry you are injured.

　　原句：In high school we worked more as a group than as an individual.

　　修正：In high school we worked more as groups than as individuals.

　　原句：His job was a policeman.

　　修正：He was a policeman.

　　四、并列结构误用

　　原句：Before I selected the new course，my teacher warned me of the difficulty of the course and of its length.

　　修正：Before I selected the new course，my teacher warned me how difficult the course was and how long it lasted.

　　原句：We asked the store manager to show us a gift that was inexpensive，useful and looked nice.

　　修正：We asked the store manager to show us a gift that was inexpensive，useful and nice looking.

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