英语语法的解释

时间:2020-07-05 17:46:39 基础英语 我要投稿

英语语法的解释

  英语语法名词性从句知识:宾语从句用法详解

  一、宾语从句的引导词

英语语法的解释

  宾语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导:

  1. that引导

  We believe that he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。

  The doctor insists that I give up smoking医生坚持要我戒烟。

  I suggest that we should go tomorrow. 我建议我们明天走。

  I suggested that we should go the next day. 我建议我们第二天走。

  We learnt from his letter that he was in Spain. 从他的信里我们了解到他在西班牙。

  The seller demanded that payment should be made within five days. 卖方要求5日内付款。

  2. whether / if引导

  I don’t know whether he’ll arrive in time. 我不知道他是否能及时到。

  I didn’t know whether they liked the place. 我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。

  I’ll see whether I can induce him to accept it. 我要看看我是否能劝他接受。

  I asked her whether she agreed. 我问她是否同意。

  He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish. 他问她父母是否讲西班牙语。

  I wonder if it’s large enough. 我不知道它是否够大。

  She didn’t say if he was still alive. 她没说他是否还活着。

  3. 连接代词引导

  I don’t know who [whom] you mean. 我不知道你指谁。

  Please tell me which you like. 告诉我你喜欢哪一个。

  I’Il do whatever I can do. 我将做我所能做的事。

  You can take whichever you like. 你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。

  We’ll do whatever we can to save him. 我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。

  Take whichever seat you like. 你要坐哪个座就坐哪个座位。

  Give it to whoever you like. 你把它爱给谁就给谁。

  You don’t know what you are talking about. 你在说什么,你自己也不知道。

  Tomorrow at this time we’ll know who is elected. 明天这时候我们就会知道谁当选了。

  4. 连接副词引导

  He asked why he had to go alone. 他问他为什么必须一个人去。

  You don’t know when you are lucky. 你身在福中不知福。

  I asked how he was getting on. 我问他情况怎样。

  He knows where they live. 他知道他们住哪里。

  Have you found out how wide the ditch Was? 你了解到那条沟有多宽吗?

  I’d like to know when they will let him out. 我很想知道他们什么时候会放他出来。

  We didn’t know why he had answered in that fashion. 我们不明白他为什么这样回答。

  英语语法名词性从句知识点:八种宾语从句不省略that

  【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

  引导宾语从句的.that在下列情况下一般不省略:

  1. 宾语从句前有插入语。如:

  We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us. 恰恰相反,我们希望他和我们呆在家里。

  2. 有间接宾语时。如:

  He told me that he was leaving for Japan. 他告诉我他要去日本。

  3. that在与之并列的另一个宾语从句之后。如:

  He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children like to read it.他说那本书很有趣,所有小孩都喜欢读。

  4. 在“it(形式宾语)+补语”之后时。如:

  I think it necessary that he should stay here. 我们认为他有必要留在这里。

  5. that从句单独回答问题时。如:

  —What did he hear? 他听说了什么事?

  —That Kate had passed the exam. (他听说)凯特考试及格了。

  6. 在except等介词后。如:

  He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.他除了抽烟太多之外,没有什么特别的毛病。

  7. 位于句首时。如:

  That our team will win, I believe. 我相信我们队会赢。

  8. 在较为正式或不常用的动词(如reply, object)后。如

  He replied that he disagreed. 他回答说他不同意。

  英语语法名词性从句知识点:whether 和if引导名词性从句

  【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

  两者均可用于及物动词后引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,常可互换。但除此(用于动词后引导宾语从句)之外,在其他情况下表示“是否”时,通常要用 whether 而不用 if,如用于引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、让步状语从句、与or连用分别引导两个分句等,或用于不定式前、用于介词后、直接与 or not 连用等等。如:

  Ask him whether [if] he can come. 问他能不能来。

  The question is whether he can do it. 问题是他能不能做。

  Answer my question whether you can help him. 回答我你是否能帮助他。

  It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. 这取决于信是否来得及时。

  注:在某些动词后(如 discuss 等) 通常只用 whether。如:

  We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. 我们讨论了是否要开一个会。

  英语语法名词性从句知识点:that, why 与 because 引导表语从句

  【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

  虽然三者均可引导表语从句,但 that 没有词义,而 why 和 because 有自己的意思;另外,虽然 why和 because 都可引导表语从句,但前者强调结果,后者强调原因。如:

  The reason was that you don’t trust her. 原因是你不信任她。

  The fact is that they are angry with each other. 事实是他们生彼此的气。

  He was ill. That’s why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了,所以被送到医院来。

  He was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill. 他被送到医院,是因为他生病了。

  英语语法名词性从句知识点:that与whether引导名词性从句

  【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

  两者均可引导宾语从句,也可引导语从句和表语从句(if 通常不行),但两者含义不同,whether (if) 表示“是否”,that 却不表示任何含义。在它们所引出的从句中,that 表示一种肯定、明确的概念,而 whether (if) 则表示一种不肯定、不明确的概念。比较:

  Whether he’ll come is not known yet. 他是否来还不清楚。

  That he’ll come is known to us all. 我们都知道他会来。

  类似地,动词doubt (怀疑)后接宾语从句时,由于 doubt的含义不确定,故通常用 whether (if) 来引导其宾语从句,但若 doubt为否定式,则其后的宾语从句用 that 来引导。如:

  I doubt if you are honest. 我怀疑你是否诚实。

  I don’t doubt that you are honest. 我不怀疑你是诚实的。

  英语语法名词性从句知识点:the fact that引导主语从句

  【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

  在许多情况下,当语义上需要用一个较复杂的that从句用主语时,若直接将其置于句首位置,则会显得“头轻脚重”。这时,我们通常采用的办法便是使用形式主语it来改变句子结构。如:

  That he had no girl friends worried his parents a lot.= It worried his parents a lot that he had no girl friends. 他没有女朋友,这件事使他父母非常不安。

  That he has fully recovered makes me feel good.=It makes me feel good that he has fully recovered. 他已痊愈,真令我高兴。

  That he had not said anything surprised everybody.=It surprised everybody that he had not said anything. 他一言不发,这使大家很吃惊。

  用形式主语改变句子结构是许多同学都可能想得到的方式,属通常思维,乃常规表达。但如果借助the fact这一辅助手段,按以下方式改写句子,则会给人以耳目一新的感觉,许多阅卷老师会将其划入“高级结构”的范畴。如:

  The fact that he had no girl friends worried his parents a lot.

  The fact that he has fully recovered makes me feel good.

  The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.