卫生类职称英语概括大意考试试题汇总
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一、 Messages from the Media
1 The weather forecast, a story about the candidates in an election, and movie reviews are examples of messages from the media. A communication medium, of which the plural (复数的) form is media, is a means of communicating a message. Examples of media are television, radio, newspapers and books and the telephone. The media that can reach many people at once are called mass media.
2 It is not difficult to think of other messages we receive through the mass media. Every day we get hundreds of them. Think about advertisements, for example. We see and hear these messages almost everywhere we go. Advertisements are important messages, even though they are sometimes annoying. They help us compare and evaluate products.
3 Most of us get more information from the media than from the classroom. Think, for a moment, about how you learn about local news and events. Do you depend on other people or the media? What about international news? What is the most important source of information for you? People who are asked this question usually answer, "Television."
4 Think of all the messages you received today. Perhaps you read a newspaper during breakfast, or maybe you read advertisements on billboards (露天广告牌 on your way to school. Did you listen to a weather forecast or the sports news on the radio this morning? Right now you are getting information through a very important medium of mass communication-a book.
5 We use the information we get from radio, television, newspapers, and other media to make decisions and form opinions. That is why the mass media are so important. Editorials and articles in newspapers help us decide how to vote, consumer reports on television help us decide how to spend our money, and international news on the radio makes us think and form opinions about questions of war and peace.
1 Paragraph 2__________.
2 Paragraph 3__________.
3 Paragraph 4__________.
4 Paragraph 5__________.
A Importance of Classroom Learning
B Television —— A Rich Source of Information
C Advertisements as Important Messages from the Mass Media
D Various Messages One May Receive Each Day
E Media —— Means to Communicate Messages
F Importance of the Mass Media
5 Each day we get a lot of messages from__________.
6 Television, radio and books are all important media of__________.
7 For most people television is the most important__________.
8 The mass media are important to us because they shape__________.
A sports news
B our decisions and opinions
C mass communication
D our messages
E source of information
F the mass media
参考答案
1. C 2. B 3. D 4. F
5. F 6. C 7. E 8. B
二、Science Fiction
1 Amongst the most popular books being written today are those which are usually classified as science fiction. Hundreds of titles are published every year and are read by all kinds of people. Furthermore, some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on science fiction stories.
2 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.
3 Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.
4 Modern science fiction writers don't write about men from Mars or space adventure stories. They are more interested in predicting the results of technical developments on society and the human mind; or in imagining future worlds which are a reflection of the world which we live in now. Because of this their writing has obvious political undertones.
5 In an age where science fact frequently overtakes science fiction, the writers may find it difficult to keep ahead of scientific advances. Those who are sufficiently clear-sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to master its new technology.
1 Paragraph 2__________.
2 Paragraph 3__________.
3 Paragraph 4__________.
4 Paragraph 5__________.
A Popularity of Science Fiction
B A Fairly New Development
C Classics of Science Fiction
D Difficulty in Keeping ahead of Scientific Adventure
E Origins of Science Fiction
F Themes of Modern Science Fiction
5 Some form of ideal society is___________.
6 Books written by J. Verne are__________.
7 People enjoy___________.
8 Works of modern science fiction have___________.
A a recurrent(反复出现的.) theme
B concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the future
C reading books of science fiction
D political implications(涵义)
E a current theme
F read worldwide
参考答案：
1. E 2. C 3. F 4. D
5. A 6. F 7. C 8. D
三、60th Annlversary Ceremony in Moscow
1 With thousands of soldiers and war veterans parading across Moscow's Red Square and fighter jets screaming overhead, Russia celebrated the 60th anniversary of defeating Nazi Germany. More than 50 world leaders, including China's President Hu Jintao, attended the ceremony.
2 Speaking at the start of the parade, Russia's President Vladimir Putin praised all those who fought for freedom and independence. "The war shows that resorting to force to solve problems will result in tragedy for the world, so a peaceful order should be safeguarded (护卫) based on security, justice and cultural exchange," Putin said. "Faced with the real threat of terrorism today, we must remain faithful to the memory of our fathers. It is our duty to defend a world order based on security and justice and on a new culture of relations among nations that will not allow a repeat of any war, neither 'cold' nor 'hot'," he continued.
3 The Second World War is perhaps the most catastrophic (灾难性的) event that mankind has ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the world's people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 million lives.
4 After the celebration, President Hu said that peace, development and cooperation were the future. "China will unswervingly (坚定地) follow the road of peace and development and will make a joint effort with all nations to contribute to safeguarding world peace and promoting development," he said.
5 German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder asked Russia for forgiveness for the suffering Germany inflicted (造成) during the Second World War in an article in Sunday's Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper. "Today we ask forgiveness for the suffering inflicted upon the Russian people and other peoples at the hands of Germans and in the name of Germans," Schroeder said.
6 President Hu and the other leaders also joined a wreath (花圈) laying ceremony at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldiers on Monday.
1 Paragraph 2__________.
2 Paragraph 3__________.
3 Paragraph 4__________.
4 Paragraph 5__________.
A Pacific war
B Gloomy world
C Putin's commemorating speech
D China's determination
E Schroeder's plea for forgiveness
F World's worst disaster
5 Russia celebrated__________.
6 World War Two deprived__________.
7 China pledges herself to follow__________.
8 The world leaders finally attended__________.
A an opening ceremony
B 61 countries
C a wreath laying ceremony
D the 60th anniversary of its victory over Nazi Germany
E the road of peace and development
F 55 million people of their lives
参考答案
1. C 2. F 3. D 4. E
5. D 6. F 7. E 8. C
四、 Nice Name But She's So Deadly
1 More than a million people in the United States were told to leave their homes over the weekend as Hurricane (飓风) Dennis headed to the Gulf coast, after killing at least 15 people in the Caribbean Sea.
2 If you read the news often enough, you may notice that all hurricanes are given names. Why is that? Remember, there can be more than one hurricane operating at one time. Without naming them, we could get confused about which storm we're talking about.
3 For hundreds of years, hurricanes in the Caribbean were named after the particular religious day on which they occurred. One Australian meteorologist (气象学家) began giving women's names to tropical storms at the end of the 19t" century. In 1953, the US National Weather Service, which is responsible for tracking hurricanes and issuing warnings, began using female names for storms. By 1979, both women and men's names were being used. One name for each letter of the alphabet (字母表) is selected, except for Q, U and Z.
4 So who decides which names are used each year? The World Meteorological Organization uses six lists in rotation, so each list is reused every six years.
5 Here's a list of the 2005 Atlantic hurricanes, according to the US National Hurricane Centre: Arlene, Bret, Cindy, Dennis, Emily, Franklin, Gert, Harvey, Irene, Jose, Katrina, Lee, Maria, Nate, Ophelia, Philippe, Rita, Stan, Tammy, Vince, Wilma.
1 Paragraph 1__________.
2 Paragraph 2__________.
3 Paragraph 3__________.
4 Paragraph 4__________.
A Reason for naming hurricanes
B Warning of an approaching hurricane
C Deadly women
D History of naming hurricanes
E Organization responsible for naming hurricanes
F Ways to track hurricanes
5 Over a million people were warned not__________.
6 The responsibility of the US National Weather Service is__________.
7 Hurricanes are given names__________.
8 At the end of the 19th century, women's names started__________.
A to track hurricanes and issue Warnings
B to avoid confusion
C to stay at home
D to be given to tropical storms
E to make predictions
F to kill at least 15 people
参考答案
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. E
5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D
五、Electromagnetic Energy?
1 White light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy. ?
2 The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space. ?
3 Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low?energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared(红外线的) radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays(紫外线) and X rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones. ?
4 Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too.
5 Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed(利用) by man. Chemical energy comes from electron(电子) rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the sun?s energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium(氦). ?
6 Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy. ?
1 Paragraph 3 ?
2 Paragraph 4 ?
3 Paragraph 5 ?
4 Paragraph 6 ?
A The Most Important Source of Energy?
B Types of Electromagnetic Energy?
C The Machines Used for Energy Generation?
D Seeking New Sources of Energy?
E The Use of Ultraviolet Radiation in Medicine?
F Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Sun’s Energy
5 One can get a sunburn even ?
6 Infrared radiation can produce heat ?
7 X-rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and treat cancer ?
8 Chemical energy is generated
A when it is cloudy?
B because they can pass through solid objects?
C when the sun-rays are fierce?
D when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place?
E when electron rearrangement takes place?
F when it is absorbed by matter?
参考答案
1 B 2 A 3 F 4 D 5 A 6 F 7 B 8 E
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