2017年托福听力复习试题及答案
导语：如何提高托福的'听力考试成绩?无疑是多做习题。下面是YJBYS小编整理的2017年托福听力复习试题及答案，希望对你有用!
Passage One
Railroads reshaped the North American environment and reoriented North American behavior. "In a quarter of a century", claimed the Omaha Daily Republican in 1883, "they have made the people of the United States homogeneous, breaking through the peculiarities and provincialisms which marked separate and unmingling sections."
The railroad simultaneously stripped the landscape of the natural resources, made velocity of transport and economy of scale necessary parts of industrial production, and carried consumer goods to households; it dispatched immigrants to unsettled places, drew emigrants away from farms and villages to cities, and sent men and guns to battle. It standardized time and travel, seeking to annihilate distance and space by allowing movement at any time and in any season or type of weather. In its grand and impressive terminals and stations, architects recreated historic Roman temples and public baths, French chateaus and Italian bell towers — edifices that people used as stages for many of everyday life's high emotions: meeting and parting, waiting and worrying, planning new starts or coming home.
Passenger terminals, like the luxury express trains that hurled people over spots, spotlight the romance of railroading. (The twentieth-Century Limited sped between Chicago and New York in twenty hours by 1915). Equally important to everyday life were the slow freight trans chugging through industrial zones, the morning and evening commuter locals shuttling back ions and urban terminals, and the incessant comings and goings that occurred in the classifications, or switching, yards. Moreover, in addition to its being a transportation pathway equipped with a mammoth physical plant of tracks signals, crossings, bridges, and junctions, plus telegraph and telephone lines the railroad nurtured factory complexes, coat piles, warehouses, and generating stations, forming along its right-of-way what has aptly been called "the metropolitan corridor" of the American landscape.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The influence of ancient architecture on the design of railroad terminals
(B) The importance of natural resources in the development of railroads
(C) The railroad's impact on daily life in the United States in the nineteenth century
(D) Technological improvements in the area of communication in the nineteenth century
2. It can be inferred from the quote from the Omaha Daily Republican (line 2-4) that railroads
(A) made all sections of the nation much wealthier
(B) brought more unity to what had been a fragmented nation
(C) reduced dependence on natural resources
(D) had no effect on the environment of the United States
3. The word "it" in line 7 refers to
(A) transport
(B) scale
(C) production
(D) railroad
4. The word "drew吸引" in line 8 is closest
(A) obliged
(B) designed
(C) helped
(D) attracted
5. The word "annihilate歼灭，消灭" in line 9 is closest in meaning to
(A) conquer 战胜，克服
(B) utilize 利用
(C) separate
(D) mechanize
6. The word "Moreover" in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) consequently
(B) furthermore
(C) although
(D) because
7. All of the following were true of impressive passenger terminals EXCEPT:
(A) Their architecture was influenced by the architecture of Europe.
(B) Luxury express trains traveled between them.
(C) They were usually located in small towns.
(D) They were important to many commuters.
8. According to the passage , which type of development lined the area along the metropolitan corridor?
(A) Stores and shopping areas
(B) Recreational areas
(C) Industrial
(D) Agricultural
9. The word "aptly恰当地，适宜地" in line 24 is closest in meaning to
(A) appropriately
(B) virtually
(C) consistently
(D) incessantly
10. The author mentions the Twentieth-Century Limited as an example of
(A) a freight train
(B) a commuter train
(C) a luxury train
(D) an underground train
11. The author gives a synonym for which of the following words?
(A) homogeneous (line 3)
(B) standardized (line 9)
(C) temples (line 11)
(D) classification(line 20)
答案：
CBDDA BCCACD
Passage Two
Biological diversity has become widely recognized as a critical conservation issue only in the past two decades. The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests, which are the ecosystems with the highest known species diversity on Earth, has awakened people to the importance and fragility of biological diversity. The high rate of species extinctions in these environments is jolting, but it is important to recognize the significance of biological diversity in all ecosystems. As the human population continues to expand, it will negatively affect one after another of Earth's ecosystems. In terrestrial ecosystems and in fringe marine ecosystems (such as wetlands), the most common problem is habitat destruction. In most situations, the result is irreversible. Now humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities, such as disposal and run off of poisonous waste; in less than two centuries, by significantly reducing the variety of species on Earth, they have unraveled cons of evolution and irrevocably redirected its course.
Certainly, there have been periods in Earth's history when mass extinctions have occurred. The extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by some physical event, either climatic or cosmic. There have also been less dramatic extinctions, as when natural competition between species reached an extreme conclusion. Only .01 percent of the species that have lived on Earth have survived to the present, and it was largely chance that determined which species survived and which died out.
However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment. In fact, there is wide agreement that it is the rate of change humans are inflicting, even more than the changes themselves, that will lead to biological devastation. Life on Earth has continually been in flux as slow physical and chemical changes have occurred on Earth, but life needs time to adapt — time for migration and genetic adaptation within existing species and time for the proliferation of new genetic material and new species that may be able to survive in new environments.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The causes of the extinction of the dinosaur
(B) The variety of species found in tropical rain forests.
(C) The impact of human activities on Earth's ecosystems
(D) The time required for species to adapt to new environments
2. The word "critical至关重要的" in line 1 is closest in meaning to
(A) negative
(B) essential
(C) interesting
(D) complicated
3. The word "jolting使震惊" in line 5 is closest in meaning to
(A) predicted
(B) shocking
(C) unknown
(D) illuminating
4. The author mentions the reduction of the variety of species on Earth in line 12 to suggest that
(A) new habitats can be created for species
(B) humans are often made ill by polluted water
(C) some species have been made extinct by human activity
(D) an understanding of evolution can prevent certain species from disappearing
5. The author mentions all of the following as examples of the effect of humans oil the world's ecosystems EXCEPT
(A) destruction of the tropical rain forests
(B) habitat destruction in wetlands
(C) damage to marine ecosystems
(D) the introduction of new varieties of plant species
6. The author mentions the extinction of the dinosaurs in the second paragraph to emphasize that
(A) the cause of the dinosaurs extinction is unknown
(B) Earth's climate has changed significantly since the dinosaurs' extinction,
(C) not all mass extinctions have been caused by human activity
(D) actions by humans could not stop the irreversible process of a species' extinction
7. The word "magnitude" in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) concern
(B) determination
(C) carelessness
(D) extent
8. According to the passage , natural evolutionary change is different from changes caused by humans in that changes caused by humans
(A) are occurring at a much faster rate
(B) are less devastating to most species
(C) affect fewer ecosystems
(D) are reversible
9. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?
(A) Human influence on ecosystems should not be a factor in determining public policy.
(B) The extinction of a few species is an acceptable consequence of human progress.
(C) Technology will provide solutions to problems caused by the destruction of ecosystems.
(D) Humans should be more conscious of the influence they have on ecosystems
答案：
CBBCD CDAD
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