新概念英语第四册长难句型精讲
导语：新概念英语中有许多长难句型，下面是YJBYS小编收集整理的新概念英语第四册长难句型，并对他们进行讲解，欢迎参考。
【句型1】They had a single aim, a solitary goal—the top!(Lesson 3)
【译文】他们只有一个目的，唯一的目标——顶峰!
【讲解】从语法角度分析，a solitary goal和the top均是a single aim的同位语。从修辞角度看，作者以改变说法的方式达到加强语意的目的。这叫修正法(epanorthosis)。破折号引出被强调部分。
【句型2】The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. (Lesson 3)
【译文】早期登山者所寻找的是通往山顶的最方便的途径，因为顶峰，尤其是仍未被人征服过的顶峰，才是他们寻求的目标。
【讲解】先讲述一事实，再用because引出原因，最后用especially引出一种特殊原因。
【句型3】It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. (Lesson 3)
【译文】如今我们很难理解登山先驱者昔日是多么艰苦。
【讲解】it是形式主语，to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers是真正的主语。
【句型4】Several cases have been reported in Russia recently of people who can read and detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid doors and walls.(Lesson 4)
【译文】俄罗斯最近报道了几个事例，说有人能用手指阅读和辨认颜色，甚至双眼能透过厚实的门墙看到东西。
【讲解】此句的要点在于：of people…walls作定语修饰cases，这部分较长，所以被移到谓语部分后，这样句子就不会头重脚轻，这是新闻英语中的常见句型。句中的of意为“关于”。
【句型5】If there is one—which I take leave to doubt—then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves.(Lesson 5)
【译文】假如确有这个问题的话——我冒昧对此表示怀疑——那么这个问题是由老年人而非年轻人臆造的。
【讲解】if there is one中的one指a problem of youth。which I take leave to doubt系插入语，表示委婉语气。
【句型6】To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions.(Lesson 7)
【译文】要透彻理解这句话的含义，我们应先回顾人类最近的几项发明。
【讲解】to get a full appreciation of what this means作目的`状语，修饰turn。不定式作状语放在句首，比放在后边更要正式，语气较重。
【句型7】As it happens, a razor that is safe in Europe is unlikely to electrocute Americans.(Lesson 8)
【译文】碰巧在欧洲使用安全的剃须刀不大可能电死美国人。
【讲解】as it happens为插入语，对a razor…Americans表示强调。请掌握：
as it happens/it just so happens：碰巧，偶然(used to tell someone something that is surprising, interesting, or useful)，例如：
As it happens, I have my notebook with me.碰巧我带着笔记本。
【句型8】Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death.(Lesson 11)
【译文】有些老人因恐惧死亡而苦恼。
【讲解】oppress：使(心情等)沉重;使烦恼，折磨(to make someone feel unhappy, worried, or uncomfortable)，例如：
A sense of trouble ahead oppressed my spirits.前面的重重困难使我心情沉重。
be oppressed by the unpleasant climate 被讨厌的气候弄得烦恼
a writer oppressed by his shortcomings 对自己的短处感到苦恼的作家
【句型9】Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine.(Lesson 3)
【译文】当地的那些小旅馆一般都肮脏且跳蚤猖獗。单调的食物是当地乳酪配以常常已放了一年之久的面包，人们就着劣酒吞下这种食物。
【讲解】the food simply…中food和simply中间，all与washed中间都省略了was。本句的要点在于：在几个并列分句中，第一个分句中用了be，后面分句中的be可以省略。例如：
【原文】There are two requisites in interpretation：one is accuracy and the other(is)expressiveness.
【译文】口译要求有二：准确和明晰。
【句型10】Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of Ulyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic.(Lesson 4)
【译文】维拉的特异功能引起了她家附近乌里扬诺夫斯克城某科研机构的注意。4月，俄罗斯联邦共和国卫生部某特别委员会对她进行了一系列测试。
【讲解】sb notices sth和sth is noticed by sb这两个句型较常见，本句sthis brought to the notice of sb并不多见，理应记住。
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