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及时采购的应用研究提纲
摘 要
市场竞争持续不断、产品技术的差异不断缩小、集成度不断提高，是整个市场现状的真实写照。随着产品生命周期的缩短、定单变化的起伏加大以及产品交货期的压力倍增，元器件采购和成品销售这一头一尾，已成为电子制造企业发展与生存的关键。而作为采购管理与采购行为的基础，采购分析的重要性更是日益突出。及时采购就是一种实用，又很理想的采购方式；供应链管理则已成为企业加强物流管理，提升核心竞争力的必然选择。那么，在这样的背景下，如何更有效地实现及时采购，实现采购管理的创新，就成为我国大多数企业采购管理工作面临的一个重要课题. 本文在对及时采购的基本概念和思想进行分析之后，列出了以下几点及时采购的目的，1．消除不必要的工作2．与供应商建立新型伙伴关系，在这里，对JIT生产方式与传统生产方式下以表格的形式对供应商的进行了比较3．消除厂内原材料库存，以海尔公司的采购体系为例，对此进行了说明4．提高品质和信任度，这样才能保持长期及时获得数量充足、品质优良的物料。归纳了它的特点和优点，并讨论了它的实现意义。及时采购对于供应链管理思想的贯彻实施有重要的意义。供应链环境下的采购模式和传统的采购模式的不同之处，在于采用订单驱动的方式。订单驱动使供应与需求双方都围绕着订单而运作，也就实现了准时化、同步化运作。要实果没有及时采购方法，供应链企业很难适应这种多变的市场需求，因此，JIT采购增加了供应链的柔性和敏捷性，在此，还指明了在 供应链管理下JIT订单采购模式的优点: ①供应商同采购方建立了战略合作伙伴关系，双方基于以前签订的长期协议进行订单的下达和跟踪，不需要进行再次询价报价的过程。 ②在同步供应链计划的协调下，制造计划、采购计划、供应计划能够同步进行，缩短了用户响应时间。 ③采购物资直接进入制造部门，减少了采购部门的库存占用和相关费用。 ④进行了企业和供应商之间的外部协同，提高了供应商的应变能力。在文章的最后，系统的对供应链管理下的JIT订单采购模式进行了研究和分析。
关键词：及时采购；企业；物资；供应商
Abstract
As we know，incessant market competition，，the reduction of production technology difference and continuity in proving integration measurement have been the ture portraiture of the all market. Purchasing parts of apparatus and selling finished product have become the key of subsistence and development of electric manufacture corporation along with the reduction of production’s lifecycle，the wave of order of goods’ change and the increase of press of delivery time. stocking analyses ，the base of stocking management and stocking act ，becomes more and more important.
JIT purchasing is an not only practicality but also perfect purchasing measure.Acommodate-chain –management has turn into the choice of necessity to strengthen logistics management and enhance kernel competition power. So，in such background ，how to carry out JIT purchasing，to realize the innovation of purchasing management has become to an important problem that majority enterprise to be face with.
Hereinafter list several points about purpose of JIT purchasing at the base of analyze of basic concept and idea of J
JIT stocking has important meaning to accommodate chain management thinking and seeing out.
The difference of stocking between accommodate chain environment and traditional environment rests with the drive measure of the order for goods
Order form drive sends supply side and demand side both to carry out
Surrounding the form so as to make on time and synchronization come true .
To realize synchronization ，we must make sure stocking measure is on the side .when stocking department bring a order form ，suppliers immediately begin to prepare goods. At the same time the stocking department works out detailed stocking plan as well as the making department prepare to produce. When stocking department offer a particular plan to the supplier，the supplier could quickly hand the material to consumers in short time.
When cnsumers’demand changes ， making- order forms drive stocking –order forms change. It is difficult for accommodate chain enterprise to adapt the multivariate market demand with such a speed change if without JIT stocking measure. so JIT stocking improve flexibility and agility of the accommodate chain. besides， the merits of JIT stocking mode under accommodate chain management are showed:
1. Suppliers do not need to ask or quote price any longer because they have set up stratagem cooperate fellowship. both sides making the order form known to lower level and running after the order form base on the long-term agreement they entered to before.
2. making plan，stocking plan and accommodating plan could carry out curiously under the compatibility of the synchronization accommodate chain plan ，cutting the respond time of consumers，
3. Stocking material directly bowing in making department leads the reduction of storage and interrelated fare.
4. The suppiers’strain-force improves through the exterior cooperation between the enterprises and accommodates side.
In the end of the article ， study and analyze the JIT-order –form stocking mode under the accommodate chain management systemically
Key words: Just-in-time Purchasing; Enterprise; Goods and materials; Supplier