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2025年考研英语完形填空真题答案
无论是在学习还是在工作中,只要有考核要求,就会有考试真题,借助考试真题可以对一个人进行全方位的考核。一份好的考试真题都具备什么特点呢?以下是小编精心整理的2009 年考研英语完形填空真题答案,欢迎大家分享。

考研英语完形填空真题答案 1
Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. 1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer ’ s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright.
Intelligence, it 5 , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning — a 7 process — instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they ’ ve apparently learned is when to 8 .
Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? That ’ s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we ’ ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.
Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive.
1. [ A ] Suppose [ B ] Consider [ C ] Observe [ D ] Imagine
2. [ A ] tended [ B ] feared [ C ] happened [ D ] threatened
3. [ A ] thinner [ B ] stabler [ C ] lighter [ D ] dimmer
4. [ A ] tendency [ B ] advantage [ C ] inclination [ D ] priority
5. [ A ] insists on [ B ] sums up [ C ] turns out [ D ] puts forward
6. [ A ] off [ B ] behind [ C ] over [ D ] along
7. [ A ] incredible [ B ] spontaneous [ C ] inevitable [ D ] gradual
8. [ A ] fight [ B ] doubt [ C ] stop [ D ] think
9. [ A ] invisible [ B ] limited [ C ] indefinite [ D ] different
10. [ A ] upward [ B ] forward [ C ] afterward [ D ] backward
11. [ A ] features [ B ] influences [ C ] results [ D ] costs
12. [ A ] outside [ B ] on [ C ] by [ D ] across
13. [ A ] deliver [ B ] carry [ C ] perform [ D ] apply
14. [ A ] by chance [ B ] in contrast [ C ] as usual [ D ] for instance
15. [ A ] if [ B ] unless [ C ] as [ D ] lest
16. [ A ] moderate [ B ] overcome [ C ] determine [ D ] reach
17. [ A ] at [ B ] for [ C ] after [ D ] with
18. [ A ] Above all [ B ] After all [ C ] However [ D ] Otherwise
19. [ A ] fundamental [ B ] comprehensive [ C ] equivalent [ D ] hostile
20. [ A ] By accident [ B ] In time [ C ] So far [ D ] Better still
文章背景
本文是一篇讲述动物智能、偏重科技的文章。此文章最先刊登在 2008 年 5 月 7 日的《纽约时报》上,原文的标题是 The Cost of Smarts ,翻译过来是“聪明的代价”。文中通过对“果蝇”的试验研究得出“聪明是要付出代价”的结论,最后提出引人深思的问题——人类是否真正意识到自己所生存的世界。
文章结构
本文采用了对比的方式展开文章,叙述了人类智慧发展的代价。第一二三段围绕人类对动物智能的研究对动物以及人类自己造成的影响。文章的最后一段作者展开丰富的联想,如果动物对人类做实验的话,它们想从人类身上获取什么信息呢?
答案详解
1. 【解析】[ B ] 语义衔接 / 词汇辨析题。本题目选择动词,放在祈使句句首。选项 A. suppose 认为,假定; B. consider 考虑; C. observe 观察; D. imagine 想象。文章开篇指出: Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are. “对动物智慧的研究总是让我对人类到底有多聪明感到好奇”,接着举了果蝇的例子,该句要选择的动词应与上句在语义上衔接。用 consider 意为“让读者考虑一下 ( 果蝇实验 ) ”,从而引出下文,其他选项均不符合题意。
2. 【解析】[ A ] 语义衔接 / 固定搭配题。本题目选择动词 ( 过去式 ) ,与介词“ to ”构成动词短语,在句子中充当谓语。选项 A. tended to 易于,往往会……; B. feared to 害怕做某事; C. happened to 碰巧做某事; D. threatened to 威胁要做某事。 Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit flyto live shorter lives. 原文讲述的是在实验中经常发生的一种情况,即“通过训练变得更聪明的果蝇,其寿命往往比普通果蝇短”。故选 A 。
3. 【解析】[ D ] 语义衔接 / 词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词比较级,在句中作定语修饰 bulbs 。 This suggests thatbulbs burn longer, …“这让人想起……的灯泡照明时间比较长……。”上句讲到“聪明的果蝇寿命往往较短”,这句接着用灯泡作类比,承接上句语义,应该是越不亮的灯泡用的时间越长,所以选 D. dimmer 较暗的;选项 C. lighter 更亮的,与前文意思相悖; A. thinner 更薄的,更瘦的; B. stable 更稳定的;该两项均不符合题意。
4. 【解析】[ B ] 词汇辨析 / 固定搭配题。本题目选择名词,并与 in 搭配。选项 A. tendency 趋势,倾向,后面常接介词 for 或动词不定式,如: a tendency for sth. 或 a tendency to do sth.( 做 ) 某事的倾向; B. advantage 优势,后常接介词 in ,即 an advantage in sth. 在某方面具有优势; C. inclination 倾向,意愿,倾斜度,后常接介词 for 或动词不定式,即 an inclination for sth. 或 an inclination to do sth. 想做某事; D. priority 优先权,后常接 over ,如: take priority over sth./sb. ( 比某事 / 某人 ) 具有优先权。且从上下文语义来看,前面说聪明的果蝇寿命短,越不亮的灯泡用的时间越长,所以这里语义应为“不太聪明 ( 灯泡不太亮 ) 是有优势的”,故 B 为正确选项。注意, bright 在此处是一语双关,既可表示“灯泡不那么亮”,也可表示“人不那么聪明”。
5. 【解析】[ C ] 语义衔接 / 词汇辨析题。本题目要选择动词短语,使插入语完整。从上文可知,“聪明的果蝇寿命往往较短”,以及“不太聪明是有优势的”,由此推出的结果是:聪明也是要付出代价的。 C. turn out 意为“结果是……”,把 it turns out 用作插入语,使该句与上段内容紧紧联系起来,因此选 C 。 A. insist on 坚持; B. sum up 总计,总结; D. put forward 提出。这三项均不符合题意。
6. 【解析】[ A ] 语义衔接题。本题目选择介词,体现与 the starting line( 起跑线 ) 的逻辑关系。选项 B. behind 和 C. over 可以首先排除,因为这里没有涉及空间位置关系;若选 D. along 则是“沿着起跑线徘徊”之意,这与后面的 process 意思不符;选项 A. off 有“离开”之意, slow off the starting line 表示“离开起跑线慢了”,即“起步慢了”,但仍在进步,与后文逻辑一致,故选 A 。
7. 【解析】[ D ] 语义衔接 / 词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词,做 process 的定语。破折号表示对前面内容即 learning 的解释。这里把 learning( 学习 ) 与 instinct( 本能 ) 作对比,结合前文的 slow ,以及学习自身的特点可知,只有 gradual “渐进的” 符合题意。其他三项 A. incredible 难以置信的; B. spontaneous 自发的; C. inevitable 不可避免的 ; 均不符合题意,故本题答案为 D 。
8. 【解析】[ C ] 语义衔接 / 词汇辨析题。 Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they ’ ve apparently learned is when to. “许多其他物种都能够学习,它们显然已经学会的一件事就是什么时候……学习。”由上文可知,聪明需要学习,很多物种都能够学习,但都没有变聪明,这是因为它们还学会了适时停止学习。因此选 C 。其他三项在语义上均不通。
9. 【解析】[ B ] 语义衔接 / 词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词,作定语修饰 intelligence 。由上文可知,智慧越多,付出的代价越多,因此智慧肯定是有限的,而且根据 value 也可以推断这里是关于 intelligence 多少的问题。选项 A.invisible 看不见的; C. indefinite 不确定的; D. different 不同的 ; 均与数量多少无关,只有 limited “有限的,不多的”符合题意,故选 B 。
10. 【解析】[ D ] 语义衔接 / 词汇辨析题。本题目选择副词以表明逻辑关系。“ we ’ ve left in the dust I.Q. wise ”是定语从句,修饰 the species 。 cast a glance at …意为“对……投以目光”;“ leave sb. in the dust ”是固定搭配,“将某人远远抛在后面”的意思; I.Q. wise 是派生词,后缀 wise 表示方式,意为“在 I.Q. 方面”。这句话是说“该研究不是要我们对那些在智力方面已被人类远远抛在后面的物种投以悲怜的眼光。”人类看这些被抛在后面的物种,自然是往后看了,所以 D. backward 为正确选项, A. upward 向上; B. forward 向前; C. afterward 之后,后来 ( 表时间 ) ;该三项均不符合题意。
11. 【解析】[ D ] 语义衔接 / 词义辨析题。本题目选择名词,做宾语从句的主语。… it implicitly asks what the realof our own intelligence might be. “这项实验含蓄地提出一个问题:人类智慧的真正……可能是什么。”前文已经提到 Intelligence … is a high priced option ,因此应选 D.costs 。选项 A.features 特征; B.influences 影响; C.results 结果,均不符合题意。
12. 【解析】[ B ] 固定搭配题。本题目选择介词,与 mind 搭配。 on one ’ s mind 或 on the mind of sb. 是固定短语,意为“有心事,总是想着”,其他三项均不能与 mind 构成固定搭配。
13. 【解析】[ C ] 固定搭配题。本题目选择动词,作为 wonder 引导的宾语从句的谓语。选择的动词应与 experiments 搭配。选项 A. deliver 递送 ;D. apply 应用;两者均不能与 experiments 搭配。若用 carry ,则为 carry out experiments ,故只能选 C. perform 执行, perform experiments 意为“做实验”。
14. 【解析】[ D ] 词汇辨析题。本题目选择介词短语在句中做插入语,表明逻辑关系。前文已经讲到作者很好奇,如果动物有机会的话,会对人类进行何种实验。本句接着说 Every cat with an owner,, is running a small scale study in operant conditioning. “每一只有主人的猫都在进行一项有关操作性条件反射的小规模研究。”这是以 cat 为例进一步论述动物对人进行实验,因此应选择表示举例的介词短语,故选 D. for instance 例如。选项 A. by chance 偶然; B. in contrast 与……相比; C. as usual 像往常一样;均不符合题意。
15. 【解析】[ A ] 逻辑衔接题。本题目选择连词,体现句子之间的逻辑关系。由 ran , would 可知,本句使用了虚拟语气,是对动物可能对人类进行实验进行了假设,故选 A 。选项 B. unless 除非; C. as 因为; D lest 唯恐,均不符合题意。
16. 【解析】[ C ] 语义衔接 / 词汇辨析题。本题目选择动词,与 limits 搭配,作为 test 的目的。选项 A. moderate 缓和; B. overcome 克服; D. reach 达到。既然作为测试的目的,应为确定某些内容,故选 C. determine, 这里是“查明,测定”的意思。
17. 【解析】[ B ] 语义衔接 / 词义辨析题。本题目选择介词,体现逻辑关系。该句承接上一句,继续论述假设动物对人类进行实验的内容。选项 A. at 表示方位 ; C. after 表示时间; D. with 表示伴随,均不符合语义,只有 B. for 表示目的,构成 what … for 符合语境,表明动物们想了解人类智慧是用来干什么的。
18. 【解析】[ A ] 逻辑衔接题。本题目选择逻辑关系词,体现前后句子之间的.逻辑关系。前面两句解释了假设动物对人类进行实验会进行的的内容:它们想了解人类的某些极限,想知道人类智慧的用途。本句与前两句构成并列排比, they would hope to study aquestion “它们希望研究一个问题”,与前两句应为顺承关系,表示强调或递进,所以 B. After all 毕竟; C. However 但是; D. Otherwise 否则;三者均不符合题意,只有 Above all “首先,尤其是”符合题意。
19. 【解析】[ A ] 语义衔接 / 词汇辨析题。本题目选择形容词,作定语修饰 question 。选项 A. fundamental 基本的; B. comprehensive 综合的; C. equivalent 相等的; D. hostile 敌对的。由下文可知,这个 question 是 Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? “人类是否真正了解他们生活的这个世界?”这应该是个最基本的问题,故选 A 。
20. 【解析】[ C ] 逻辑衔接 / 词汇辨析题。本题目选择短语体现与前面句子的逻辑关系。前面句子提出一个问题,本句讲 the results are inconclusive( ……结果是不确定的 ) 。因此, 选项 C. so far “迄今为止”最符合题意, A. By accident 偶然; B In time 及时; D. Better still 更好;三者都不符合语义。
参考译文
对动物智力的研究总是让我们思考人类到底有多聪明。让我们看一下卡尔·齐默周二发表在科学时代刊物上的文章所描述的果蝇试验。有些果蝇经过训练变得比普通果蝇聪明,但是寿命却缩短了。这表明暗淡的灯泡使用时间更长,暗淡是灯泡的一个优势。
事实证明,智力是要付出昂贵的代价。它需要更多的保养、消耗更多的燃料,因为智力依靠的是学习,这是一个循序渐进的过程,而不是一种本能,所以离开起点时进展缓慢。许多其他的物种也有学习能力,很显然他们学到的东西之一就是知道何时停止。
有限的智力是否有适应值呢?这也是此项研究的课题。我对此很感兴趣。这个试验不是去回顾那些被我们划为低智商的物种,而是含蓄在问我们自己,智力的真正代价是什么。我们所遇到的每种动物也都在思考着个问题。
对动物智力的研究也让我想,如果动物有机会的话,他们会对人类作什么样的实验。比如说,每只有主人的猫都在进行一个小型的操作性条件反射研究。我们认为如果动物也能进行试验的话,他们会测定我们的忍耐度,忠诚度,以及对地形的记忆力。他们会试图判定人类智力的实际用处,而不仅仅是判定人类智力的高低。最重要的是他们希望研究一个最基本的问题:人类是否真正意识到了自己所生存的世界?对此,目前仍无定论。
考研英语完形填空真题答案 2
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder, 1 , to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others become distorted.
Travel on a London bus and you’ll 3 see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are 5 . How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.
Why? Because the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.
There is another 12 : people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now ballad as a two-hour flight.
The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others. Everything can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a 17 . Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.
This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective.
1. [A] therefore [B] however [C] again [D] moreover
2. [A] Emphasize [B] Identify [C] Assess [D] Explain
3. [A] nearly [B] curiously [C] eagerly [D] quickly
4. [A] claim [B] prove [C] check [D] recall
5. [A] threatened [B] ignored [C] mocked [D] blamed
6. [A] punctuality [B] hospitality [C] competition [D] innovation
7. [A] Yet [B] So [C] Besides [D] Still
8. [A] hired [B] trained [C] rewarded [D] grouped
9. [A] only [B] rather [C] once [D] also
10. [A] comfort [B] revenue [C] efficiency [D] security
11. [A] friendly [B] quiet [C] cautious [D] diligent
12. [A] purpose [B] problem [C] prejudice [D] policy
13. [A] reported [B] revealed [C] admitted [D] noticed
14. [A] break [B] trip [C] departure [D] transfer
15. [A] moral [B] background [C] style [D] form
16. [A] interpret [B] criticize [C] sacrifice [D] tolerate
17. [A] task [B] secret [C] product [D] cost
18. [A] leading to [B] calling for [C] relating to [D] accounting for
19. [A] specify [B] predict [C] restore [D] create
20. [A] modify [B] review [C] present [D] achieve
答案及解析
Section I Use of English
1. 【答案】B(however)
【解析】逻辑关系题。观察选项可知,本题考查逻辑关系。比较前后两句语义,即It’s not difficult to...(做……不难)和it is much harder to...(做……难得多),由not difficult和much harder可知,前后两句语义相反,B项however(提示转折关系)符合原文逻辑关系。本题答案为B项。
干扰选项:A项therefore(因此)提示因果关系,C项again(又、再)提示并列关系,D项moreover(而且)提示递进关系,均不符合原文逻辑关系。
2. 【答案】A(Emphasize)
【解析】逻辑关系题。句中one和the other提示对比关系,and前后语义相反。由and后的the others become distorted(其余的就被扭曲了)可知,A项Emphasize(强调)符合原文逻辑关系,即,强调一个,其余则被忽略扭曲。本题答案为A项。
干扰选项:B项Identify(识别),C项Assess(评估),D项Explain(解释)均不符合原文逻辑关系。
3. 【答案】D(quickly)
【解析】语境题。代词this指代前一句的观点,即,设定目标会带来负面后果:只强调一点,其余则被忽略扭曲。本句是对该观点的举例论述。对比各项语义:A项nearly(几乎),B项curiously(好奇地),C项eagerly(渴望地)和D项quickly(快速地)。其中D项符合原文语义,即:坐上伦敦公交车,你很快就会看到这点是如何体现在司机身上的(Travel on a London bus and you’ll quickly see how this works with drivers)。本题答案为D项。
4. 【答案】C(check)
【解析】语境题。观察本段句式特点,可知,本段首句(Watch people get on and show their tickets)与下文为总分关系。作者随后以自问自答的形式,引出在公交车上乘车买票这一场景中几个群体的表现。由前文Do people get on without paying? Of course!(人们会逃票上车吗?当然!)对乘客表现的提问可知,本句要对检票员(inspectors)是否尽到检票责任提问。因此C项check(检查)符合原文语义。本题答案为C项。
干扰选项:A项claim(宣称),B项prove(证明)和D项recall(记起)均不符合原文语义。
5. 【答案】B(ignored)
【解析】语境题。借助前文Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few(有检察员检查大家是否支付吗?可能有,但是很少)可知,本句对赶公交的人这个群体的提问也涉及到是否买票的问题。根据前文中各个群体的表现可知,他们买票与否很可能也无人注意。B项ignored(被忽视)符合语义,本题答案为B项。
干扰选项:A项threatened(被威胁),C项mocked(被嘲弄)和D项blamed(被责备)均不符合原文语义。
6. 【答案】A(punctuality)
【解析】逻辑关系题。本句为段首句,本段下文与段首句为总分关系,语义一致。借助下文中drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took(司机根据所用的时长获得8或惩罚),以及And drivers hit their targets(司机们达到他们的目标),可知,本句的target(目标)与时间有关。A项punctuality(准时)符合原文逻辑关系。
干扰选项:B项hospitality(好客),C项competition(竞争)和D项innovation(创新)均不符合原文逻辑关系。
7. 【答案】B(So)
【解析】逻辑关系题。观察选项可知,本题考查句间逻辑关系。比较前后两句语义,即People complained that buses were late and infrequent(人们抱怨公交车晚点且班次较少)和the number of buses and bus lanes were increased(公交车和公交车道的`数量增加),可知二者为因果关系,即,人们抱怨为因,增加公交车数量为果。B项So(所以)符合原文逻辑关系。本题答案为B项。
干扰选项:A项Yet(然而),C项Besides(此外)和D项Still(仍然)均不符合原文逻辑关系。
8. 【答案】C(rewarded)
【解析】逻辑关系题。or(或者)提示选择关系,由or后面的punished(惩罚)可知,C项rewarded(奖励)符合原文逻辑,即,根据所花时长,司机们或接受奖励或遭受惩罚。本题答案为C项。
干扰选项:A项hired(被雇佣),B项trained(被培训)和D项grouped(被分组)均不符合原文逻辑关系。
9. 【答案】D(also)
【解析】逻辑关系题。观察选项可知,本题考查句间逻辑关系。比较上句drivers hit these targets与本句they 9 hit cyclists,可发现,hit为原词复现,提示两句为平行结构,D项also(也)符合原文逻辑,即,两个hit两个目标:前者hit到的是真正目标;后者hit到的是cyclists,意为误撞。由此引出设定目标带来的负面后果。本题答案为D项。
干扰选项:A项only(只有),B项rather(宁可)和C项once(一旦)均不符合原文语义。
10. 【答案】B(revenue)
【解析】语境题。根据后半句you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing(你将会看到更多检票员和更敏感的价格)可知,本题与金钱有关。B项revenue(收益)符合原文语义。本题答案为B项。
干扰选项:A项comfort(舒适),C项efficiency(效率)和D项security(安全)均不符合原文语义。
11. 【答案】C(cautious)
【解析】语境题。本句选项均为修饰drivers(司机)的形容词,根据本句If the criterion changed to safety(如果把标准改为安全性)可知,修饰司机的形容词需要体现司机安全驾驶的能力。因此D项cautious(谨慎的)符合原文语义,即,你将会看到更加谨慎且遵守交通规则的司机。本题答案为C项。
干扰选项:A项friendly(友好的),B项quiet(安静的)和D项diligent(勤勉的)均不符合原文语义。
12. 【答案】B(problem)
【解析】逻辑关系题。another提示本句与前文语义一致。根据上句But both these criterion would be at the expense of time(此处criterion可理解为target,意为:但这两个标准都将以牺牲时间为代价),可知,前文在说设立目标所致的负面影响。B项problem(问题)可与前文的负面影响进行呼应,符合原文逻辑关系。本题答案为B项。
干扰选项:A项purpose(目的),C项prejudice(偏见)和D项policy(政策)均不符合原文逻辑关系。
13. 【答案】D(noticed)
【解析】语境题。比较各项语义,A项reported(报道),B项revealed(揭露),C项admitted(承认)和D项noticed(注意到),可知,D项符合原文语义,即:你是否注意到,飞机起飞迟了一小时,却仍然准时到达?本题答案为D项。
14. 【答案】B(trip)
【解析】语境题。根据13题所在句语义“飞机起飞迟了一小时,却仍然准时到达”,及下句A one-hour flight is now billed as a two-hour flight(一小时的航程按两个小时收费)可知,此处,航空公司改变的是trip(旅程、航程)应花的时长。本题答案为B项。
干扰选项:A项break(休息),C项departure(离开)和D项transfer(转移)均不符合原文语义。
15. 【答案】A(moral)
【解析】语境题。the story指代前文航空公司为准时到达而修改航班实际时长,本句是对该故事的总结。A项moral(寓意)与story组成“the moral of the story”,意为“该故事的寓意”,符合原文语义。本题答案为A。
干扰选项:B项background(背景),C项style(风格)和D项form(形式)均不符合原文语义。
16. 【答案】C(sacrifice)
【解析】逻辑关系题。one和others提示对比,and前后内容语义相反。而且,本句与前一句所组成的结构“Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others”与首段最后两句的结构Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others become distorted相似,语义也相近。借助首段对应部分的the others become distorted可知,C项符合原文逻辑关系,即:选择一个标准,你可能就要牺牲另一个。本题答案为C项。
干扰选项:A项interpret(诠释),B项criticize(批评)和D项tolerate(容忍),均不符合原文逻辑关系。
17. 【答案】D(cost)
【解析】逻辑关系题。本句中的but提示前后语义相反。由前半句Everything can be done faster and made cheaper(每件事都可以完成得很快,成本很低)可知,D项cost(代价)符合原文逻辑关系,即:但这是有代价的。本题答案为D项。
干扰选项:A项task(任务),B项secret(秘密)和C项product(产品)均不符合原文逻辑关系。
18. 【答案】C(relating to)
【解析】语境题。本题考查连接multiple criteria和critical factors的形容词短语语义。比较各选项语义,A项leading to(导致),B项calling for(要求),C项relating to(关于)和D项accounting for(对……作出解释),可知,C项符合原文语义,即,所有好的目标都应具有与关键因素(如时间、金钱、质量和用户反馈)相关的多个标准。本题答案为C项。
19. 【答案】A(specify)
【解析】逻辑关系题。not only ... but also提示递进关系,借助understand可知,先确定目标才能进一步理解目标,所以A项specify(明确规定)符合原文逻辑关系,即,诀窍是不仅要确定目标的一个甚至两个方面,而且要理解……。本题答案为A项。
干扰选项:B项predict(预测),C项restore(恢复)和D项create(创造)均不符合原文逻辑关系。
20. 【答案】D(achieve)
【解析】语境题。比较各项语义,A项modify(修改),B项review(复习)和C项present(展示)和D项achieve(实现),可知D项最符合原文语义,即,实现目标(achieve the objective)。本题答案为D。
考研英语完形填空真题答案 3
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.
The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.
Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesnt have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.
1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as
2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to
3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone
4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example
5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although
6. A. into B. within C. from D. through
7. A. or B. since C. but D. so
8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create
9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying
10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving
11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union
12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live
13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if
14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain
15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed
16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however
17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed
18. A. invested B. divided C. donated D. withdrawn
19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks
20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in that
1. [标准答案][D]as well as
[考点分析]本题考察逻辑关系
[选项分析]因为考察逻辑关系,所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析:文章身处大环境not only…..but also之中,这是一个明显的并列关系,表示“不仅……而且……”该空与前一句“his parents and his friends”也是并列关系,表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关” 所以答案只能是D. as well as.
A. by way of通过 B. with regard to 关于 C. on behalf of 代表
2. [标准答案][A] decide on
[考点分析]上下文语义
[选项分析]根据该句的主语a young man与宾语a likely spouse的关系,答案只能是A. decide on 决定。表示自己决定自己的对象。B. provide for 为……提供准备 C. compete with与……竞争 D. adapt to适用
3. [标准答案][B]arrange
[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析
[选项分析]该句意思为,他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母_____相关事务。四个选项中,A. close 关闭 C renew 更新;恢复 D postpone“推迟”,语义不正确,只有B arrange安排是符合语境。
4. [标准答案][A]In theory
[考点分析]上下文语义
[选项分析]逻辑判断题。主要是看前后两句的含义,前面是说“他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事务,或者几乎不参与,完全让父母选择自己的对象。” 空格后面说“女方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。”这两句之间没有举例说明的关系,且有一个may,更证明A. In theory的正确性。而其他选项 B. Above all最重要的是, C. In time 准时 D. For example举例,均不符合题意。
5. [标准答案][C]After
[考点分析]上下文语义
[选项分析]根据下文“______a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other……”知道,只有对象选择好后,父母才会去调查研究对方的背景。所以只有after才对。其他选项A. Unless 除非,否则 B. Lest 以免,唯恐 D. Although 尽管 都不符合题意。
6. [标准答案][A]into
[考点分析]上下文语义及介词词义辨析
[选项分析] 这里主要是看marry与相关介词的固定搭配。这里marry into就是指嫁到,而其他选项均没有这层含义。
7. [标准答案][C]but
[考点分析]逻辑关系题
[选项分析]根据上文,说传统的婚礼时间跨度很长,但是到了1980s,婚礼只持续一天半。所以与前文发生转变。因此要选择but转折关系。
8. [标准答案][C]recite
[考点分析]上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析]空格处需要填一个动词,和后面的prayersofblessing所搭配,C选项recite为背诵的意思,与所给短语搭配最为合理,译为“为祈祷者做祈福”。
9. [标准答案][D]tying
[考点分析]上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析]本题需要根据上下文语义分析,空格处需要搭配后文“棉花线头”,纵观四个选项[A]折叠
[B]堆积[C]包裹[D]系上,根据选项含义,只有D和后文的“棉花线头”搭配最为合理。
10. [标准答案][A]passing
[考点分析]上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析]本题根据选项[A]传递[B]点亮[C]隐藏[D]服务,原文空格需要填写一个动词与后文“aroundacircle”来搭配,译为“将蜡烛传一圈”,故[A]传递为正确选项。
11. [标准答案][D]union
[考点分析]名词词义辨析
[选项分析]本题根据选项[A]协会,社团[B]会议,会面[C]集合[D]结合。本句语义为“这些受尊敬的夫妻祈祷…”根据语境,结婚是一种夫妻二人的结合,因此,选项[D]结合更符合语境。
12. [标准答案][D]live
[考点分析]上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析]本题比较简单。根据语义“根据传统,新婚夫妇要搬到妻子父母家,与父母____一年”根据语境,应为[D]居住为最佳答案。
13. [标准答案][B]until
[考点分析]时间逻辑关系
[选项分析]根据原文,“_____他们在附近建造一栋新房子”[A]然而[B]直到[C]为[D]如果结合语境,[B]直到最符合原文语境,搭配最为合理。
14. [标准答案] [D]obtain
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析] Divorce is legal and relatively easy to __14__, but not common.该句句意为离婚是合法的,且相对容易____. A.avoid 避免B.follow 跟随C.chanllenge挑战,质疑D.obtain获得。这里出现and,所以对于离婚这件事不可能是避免或是挑战,但是跟随和离婚之间语义不符,但是获得离婚(的批准)是可以的。选D.
15. [标准答案] [D] viewed
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析] Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval.离婚的人…一些不赞同。在段首,已经注明离婚是合法的`且相对容易得到批准,但是不常见。这说明离婚在现实中肯定是不太受到人们的欢迎的。而接下来这句就说离婚的人…一些不赞同。再看选项:A.isolated孤立 B.persuaded劝说 C.viewed看做 D. exposed接触,受到…的影响 C选项固定搭配被认为,放进。
16. [标准答案] [B]whatever
[考点分析] 语法
[选项分析Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, 17个空对应的都是动词,所以该句意思为:夫妇双方保有…财产,这个财产是他或她…(动词)进婚姻的。 结合选项A whenever“无论何地;任何(地方)=any place where(定从)”。B whatever“无论什么;任何(东西)=anything that/any+N that”。C whenever无论何时;任何(时间=any time when)D however 无论如何;无论多么 。根据语义,这里应该不是让步的关系,而且填的这个词还要能修饰property。因此,选择B =retains any property that he or she ….
17. [标准答案] [B]brought
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词义辨析
[选项分析] Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage,结合选项A changed“改变”。B brought “带来”。C shaped“形成” D pushed“推,逼迫”。结合语境只有B符合,把财产带入婚姻。
18. [标准答案] [B]divided
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词义辨析
[选项分析] …and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally.结合选项A invested投资 [B]divided平分 [C] donated 捐赠 [D]withdrawn撤出,提取。根据语义应该是共同财产被(夫妻双方)平分。
19. [标准答案] [C]shows
[考点分析] 动词固定搭配
[选项分析] Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. 该句语义为离过婚的人或许会再婚,但是性别偏见…。结合选项A. warm(up)加热 B.clear(up) 变晴 C.show (up) 显现 D.break(up)分裂,分开;显然C是正确选项。
20. [标准答案] [A]while
[选项分析] 上下文语义
[考点分析] 很明显的两类人的对比比较关系。只能选择while.
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