历年考研英语阅读理解

时间：2020-10-01 15:55:37 英语阅读我要投稿

历年考研英语阅读理解

　　英语课作为一门非常重要的基础课，从着手开始准备考研到正式考前一个半月的这段准备时间里，应重点复习，投入的时间要占平时复习时间的三分之一。下面是小编给大家准备的考研的英语阅读理解的真题及答案解析，欢迎大家阅读练习!

历年考研英语阅读理解

　　A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so called digital divide-the division of the world into the info(information)rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.?

　　There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had.

　　Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.

　　To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society)in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is why America's Second Wave infrastructure-including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain's former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you're going to be. That doesn't mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.?

　　5.Digital divide is something _________.

　　[A]getting worse because of the Internet [B]the rich countries are responsible for

　　[C]the world must guard against [D]considered positive today

　　6.Governments attach importance to the Internet because it _________.

　　[A]offers economic potentials [B]can bring foreign funds

　　[C]can soon wipe out world poverty [D]connects people all over the world

　　7.The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of _________.

　　[A]providing financial support overseas [B]preventing foreign capital's control

　　[C]building industrial infrastructure [D]accepting foreign investment

　　8.It seems that now a country's economy depends much on _________.

　　[A]how well developed it is electronically

　　[B]whether it is prejudiced against immigrants

　　[C]whether it adopts America's industrial pattern

　　[D]how much control it has over foreign corporations

　　>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<

　　5. 【正确答案】[C]

　　意为：全世界应该警惕的。第一段第一句对“数字分化”下了一个定义。其后作者提到，他和妻子20年前就在讲演中谈到这种随时将至的危险，这里，this looming danger当指the digital divide，即在世界范围内产生信息富裕和信息贫乏的两类国家。当时，作者就认为前途是乐观的，因为早在20年前就已经出现了一些防止产生这种分化的积极因素，只是当时这些因索还不太明显。同时，在第二段，作者提到了网络的普及使这种分化正得到缩小。可见，在作者看来，这种分化是不好的现象，而网络的普及能帮助世界战胜贫困(combating world poverty, defear poverty)。

　　有关选择项A和D，参阅本题对选择项C的解释。B不对。该选择项表达的内容本文没有提到。

　　6. 【正确答案】[A]

　　第二段提到，随着国际互联网越来越趋于商业化，普及上网会对商家有利，因为上网的`人越多，潜在的顾客人数就越多，因此，许多国家的政府惟恐落后于形势，想要扩大上网率。第二段最后一句指出，“数字分化”的缩小是一个好现象，因为，国际互联网很可能是我们迄今所拥有的战胜贫困的最强有力的工具。所谓“战胜贫困”即指使这些贫穷国家富裕起来。第三段第三句则直截了当地指出，国际互联网有巨大的(经济)发展潜力。

　　B意为：可以带来海外投资。在第四段，作者建议贫穷国家在利用外资方面放弃一些过时的偏见——如殖民、侵犯主权等概念，积极利用外资建立自己的电子基础设施，以便充分利用国际互联网提供的机遇，走向富裕(better off)。这里的逻辑并不是互联网带来外资，而是利用外资发展网络工程。C意为：能很快消灭贫困。虽然作者提到了国际互联网的利用可能是战胜贫困的工具，但这仅仅是一种潜在的力量，把这种力量转化为现实则取决于不同国家的努力。D不对。正像上面所分析的，政府关注国际互联网是因为它为经济的发展带来的巨大潜力，而不仅仅是它将世界连成一片这个事实。

　　7. 【正确答案】[D]

　　在第四段，美国和巴西的例子都用以说明抛弃过去的在利用外资上的错误观念，充分利用外资建立电子基础设施的重要性，因为，哪个国家在建设“第三次浪潮”(指目前正在进行的信息产业革命)的基础设施上利用外资多，哪个国家就将变得更富裕(见第四段倒数第三句)。

　　A意为;向海外提供资金援助。B意为：防止外资的控制。第四段最后两句指出，利用外资并不意味着缴械或受愚弄，也不意味着放任外国公司肆意妄为，但是这的确意味着：对于利用外资建设能源和电信基础设施的重要性人们已有所认识，而这些设施是充分利用国际互联网的基础。C意为：建立工业基础设施。由以上的分析可以看出，本文提到的不是建立“工业”基础设施的问题。

　　8. 【正确答案】 [A]

　　意为：其电子工业发展的程度。参阅对以上三个题的题解。

　　B意为：它是否反对外来移民。C意为：它是否采用美国的产业模式。美国的例子仅仅是利用外资建设基础设施的一个成功例子。D意为：它在多大程度上控制着外企。

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