2016年12月英语四级真题参考答案第一套
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第一套英语四级真题参考答案
Part Ⅰ Writing
Finding A Job First
College students’options upon graduation vary from person to person. Some students choose to hunt for a job while others prefer to start their own businesses. As for me, I would rather find a job first.
The reasons for my decision are as follows. For one thing, it is much easier for me to find a job compared with starting a business which demands fund, experience, and the market. As a green hand who has just graduated from college, it’s totally beyond my ability to handle such a complex situation. For another, working for others could develop my personalities such as perseverance and stress tolerance, which can help me become more prepared and qualified if I would like to start my own business.
To conclude, chances always favor those who are prepared. And I don’t think a person could really “build up from nothing”. As a result, I will find a job first after graduation.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1 A) It was dangerous to live in.
2 B) A storm.
3 B) They were trapped in an underground elevator.
4 C) They sent supplies to keep the miners warm.
5 D) Close some of its post offices.
6 C) Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays.
7 A) Many post office staff will lose their jobs.
Section B
8 D) He will lose part of his pay.
9 B) He is a trustworthy guy.
10 D) She is better at handling such matters.
11 C) He is always trying to stir up trouble.
12 D) Reserved.
13 A) They stay quiet.
14 C) She was never invited to a colleague’s home.
15 B) Houses provide more privacy.
Section C
16 D) They will automatically be given hiring priority.
17 C) Visit the school careers service.
18 B) Supervising study spaces to ensure a quiet atmosphere.
19 C) It may be sold at a higher price.
20 A) It is healthier than green tea.
21 D) It does not have a stable market.
22 B) They prefer unique objects of high quality.
23 B) They could only try to create at night.
24 A) Make wise choices.
25 A) To boost the local economy.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section A
26 K) rarely
27 O) tortured
28 J) minimal
29 D) determine
30 G) inadequate
31 B) creates
32 E) direction
33 M) strengthen
34 L) shelters
35 C) critically
Section B
36 C) It might mean monitoring employee productivity on a digital leaderboard and offering prizes to the winners, or giving employees digital badges or stars for completing certain activities.
37 J) Gamification is “not a magic bullet,” Werbach warns.
38 G) ]Some people, Werbach says, are motivated by competition.
39 D) The concept of gamification is not entirely new, Werbach says.
40 K) Still, gamification only stands to become more popular, he says, “as more and more people come into the workforce who are familiar with the structures and expressions of digital games.”
41 E) But the word “gamification” and the widespread, conscious application of the concept only began in earnest about five years ago, Werbach says.
42 B) Increasingly, companies are tapping into these desires directly through what has come to be known as “gamification”: essentially, turning work into a game.
43 H) Gamification does not have to be digital. Monica Cornetti runs a company that gamifies employee trainings.
44 F) A number of companies have sprung up—GamEffective, Bunchball and Badgeville, to name a few—in recent years offering gamification platforms for businesses.
45 I) Some people do not take naturally to gamified work environments, Cornetti says.
Section C
46 C) They are over-burdened with administrative staff.
47 A) Good classroom teachers.
48 D) They are much bigger than is desirable.
49 A) It requires talent and practice.
50 B) Hiring more classroom teachers and allowing them to teach in their own way.
51 D) It may be a pleasant way for kids to reduce their food intake.
52 D) Most kids and adults would choose a smaller meal that came with a non-food item.
53 B) Adults chose the smaller portion on the mere promise of a future award.
54 A) The emotional component of the prizes is at work.
55 D) More studies are needed to find out the impact of emotion on behavior.
Part Ⅳ Translation
The color of red in Chinese culture usually symbolizes good luck，longevity, and happiness. Red can be found everywhere during Chinese Spring Festival and other joyous occasions. Cashes are often put in red envelopes and sent to family members or close friends as gifts. The popularity of red in China can also be attributed to the fact that people associate it with the Chinese Revolution and the Communist Party. However, red does not signify good luck and joy all the time in that the name of the dead used to be written in red. Thus it is regarded as an offense to write the names of Chinese people in red ink.
拓展阅读：2012年12月大学英语四级考试阅读真题及答案
Section A
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
French fries, washed down with a pint of soda, are a favorite part of fast-food lunches and dinners for millions of American youngsters. But 47 a cuefromhealth experts, a group of 19 restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful menu options for children at a time when 48 is growing over the role of fast food in childhood obesity(肥胖症).
Burger King, the nation’s second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will 49 automatically including French fries and soda in its kids’ meals starting this month, although they will still be 50. Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they 51 such options as milk or sliced apples before assembling the meals.“We’re asking the customers to 52 what they want,” said Craig Prusher, the chain’s vice president of government relations. Other participating chains, with a 53 of menu options, including Denny’s, Chili’s, Friendly’s and Chevy’s.
As part of the Kids Live Well campaign-expected to be announced 54 Wednesday—participating restaurants must promise to offer at least one children’s meal that has fewer than 600 calories(卡路里), no soft drinks and at least two 55fromthe following food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins or low-fat dairy. Among other requirements, they must offer a side dish that meets similar 56, with fewer than 200 calories and less than 35%of its caloriesfromsugar.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A) adapt I) prefer
B) available J) recommending
C) begin K) species
D) concern L) specify
E) criteria M) stop
F) items N) taking
G) nationwide O) variety
H) possible
参考答案
Section A
47. N taking
48. D concern
49. M stop
50. B available
51. I prefer
52. L specify
53. O variety
54. G nationwide
55. F items
56. E criteria
Section B
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
As you are probably aware, the latest job markets news isn’t good: Unemployment is still more than 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to zero. That’s bad for the economy, of course. And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right now. But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think.
That’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunters as much as job turnover (人员更替) data. After all, existing jobs open up every day due to promotions, resignations, terminations(解雇), and retirements. (Yes, people are retiring even in this economy.) In both good times and bad, turnover creates more openings than economic growth does. Even in June of2007, when the economy was still moving ahead, job growth was only 132,000, while turnover was 4.7 million!
And as it turns out, even today — with job growth near zero — over 4 million job hunters are being hired every month.
I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job. It’s true that if total employment were higher, it would mean more jobs for all of us to choosefrom(and compete for). And it’s true that there are currently more people applying for each available job opening, regardless of whether it’s a new one or not.
But what often distinguishes those who land jobsfromthose who don’t is their ability to stay motivated. They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and how to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.
So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up. Four million people get hired every month in the U.S. You can be one of them.
57. The author tends to believe that high unemployment rate ______.
A) deprives many people of job opportunities
B) prevents many peoplefromchanging careers
C) should not stop peoplefromlooking for a job
D) does not mean the U.S. economy is worsening
58. Where do most job openings comefrom?
A) Job growth. C) Improved economy.
B) Job turnover. D)Business expansion.
59. What does the author say about overall job growth?
A) It doesn’t have much effect on individual job seekers.
B) It increases people’s confidence in the economy.
C) It gives a ray of hope to the unemployed.
D) It doesn’t mean greater job security for the employed.
60. What is the key to landing a job according to the author?
A) Education. C) Persistence.
B) Intelligence. D) Experience.
61. What do we learnfromthe passage about the unemployment figures in the U.S.?
A) They clearly indicate how healthy the economy is.
B) They provide the public with the latest information.
C) They warn of the structural problems in the economy.
D) They exclude those who have stopped looking for a job.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors — or doesn’t it?
While such vigilant(警觉的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by2050, it’s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.
In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’ remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so deep-rooted that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.
It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at theendof life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(预期寿命).
A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefitfromscreening- especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.
It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all patients. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering screening tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care.”
That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
62. Why do doctors recommendroutine cancer screening for elderly people?
A) It is believed to contribute to long life.
B) It is part of their health care package.
C) The elderly are more sensitive about their health.
D) The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth.
63. How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?
A) It adds too much to their medical bills.
B) It helps increase their life expectancy.
C) They are doubtful about its necessity.
D) They think it does more harm than good.
64. What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?
A) It applies to women over 50. C) It is optional for young women.
B) It is a must for adult women. D) It doesn’t apply to women over 74.
65. Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?
A) They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.
B) They want to take advantage of the medical care system.
C) They want data for medical research.
D) They want their patients to suffer less.
66. What does the author say is the general view about health care?
A) The more, the better. C) Better early than late.
B) Prevention is better than cure. D) Better care, longer life.
参考答案
57 C 58 B.
59 A 60 C
61 D62 D.
63 C 64 B
65 A 66 A.
英语四级历年真题试卷
Section A
26. [C] essential
27. [M] suspicion
28. [G] miserable
29. [A] constantly
30. [O] watching
31. [J] records
32. [K] removed
33. [F] load
34. [I] properly
35. [H] pressure
解析：
26题根据上下文得知，此处应该是说人与人之间信任的重要性。很明显答案C. essential符合条件，B选项有可信的意思，看到此选项可能下意识地会选这个答案，但翻译成“信任是可信的”，和主旨无关，此处还是讨论信任的重要性。
29题容易选一个名词比如records和”mistakes”并列，但是后面的选项并没有双引号，后面是一个动词reminding，可以推测前面需要填入副词来修饰reminding，根据语义“要求你做这做那”，可以推出是不断要求，而不是properly恰当地，排除完可以得出constantly.
31题，此处判断应填名词，有同学可能会和pressure弄混淆，但此处并不能得出公司要施加压力。公司出于自我保护和信任问题，对于任何交易记录都会留有根据和存根，这些都是记录，所以答案应该是records,
Section B
36. [G] The Chetty data shows that neighborhoods and places mattered for children born in the San Jose area of the 1980s.
37. [D] The reasons kids in San Jose performed so well might seem obvious.
38. [K] The idea that those at the bottom can rise to the top is central to America's ideas about itself.
39. [B] Indeed, data suggests that this is one of the best places to grow up poor in America.
40. [J] But in today's America-a land of rising inequality
41. [I] Leaders in San Jose are determined to make sure that the city regains its status as a place where even poor kids can access the resources to succeed.
42. [E] Indeed, the streets of San Jose seem, in some ways, to embody the best of America.
43. [C] By contrast, just 4.4 percent of poor kids in Charlotte moved up to the top
44. [H] Some San Jose residents say that as inequality has grown in recent years
45. [F] But researchers aren 't sure exactly why poor kids in San Jose did so well.
解析：
38题干主旨表达的是如果该市的问题不解决将会动摇美国的`根本信仰，对应K项中的America's ideas about itself.和foundational belief.可以进行匹配。
41题干第一句该市的官员，可以定位到[I]选项第一句Leaders in San Jose, 且 该句直接表明了目的，就是为了提升贫困孩子触达成功的机会。
42题中的manifest词汇较为生僻，但后面的some of the best features可以理解说的是关于美国最好的几点特质，对应到[E]选项to embody the best of America.
44 题干关键信息是 increases in housing prices，快速浏览后可以定位到[H]项多次提到如Rent，homelessness problem, housing prices等与住房相关的信息
Section C
Passage One
46. [D] They lack the necessary resources to address pupils’ mental problems.
47. [A] They have deteriorated due to budget cuts.
48. [B] At school.
49. [C] Students are more comfortable seeking counselling in school.
50. [D] A change in the conception of what schools are.
解析：
46题A和B选项属于无中生有，C选项说的是学校在实施干预方面举措不利，但是根据原文第二段第二句，how ill-equipped they feel 可以看出主体是老师自己而不是学校，此处是一个偷换概念的陷阱，还是要基于文章的意思判断。
47题的C选项与原文第三段最后一句意义相反;B和D选项也是无中生有，A选项中出现了一个生词，但最后出现的budgets cuts还是可以帮助我们定位到第三段第二句。
49. A和B均属无中生有，D选项则偷换了概念，原文是指学生们更愿意在校内进行心理辅导而不是外面的心理咨询，D选项则替换成了校外活动。
Passage Two
51. [A] To illustrate people’s peculiar shopping behavior.
52. [D] To make customers believe they are getting a bargain.
53. [B] The E conomist’s promotional strategy works.
54. [C] To trap customers into buying the more pricey item.
55. [B] By comparing it with other choices.
解析：
51题的BD选项都属于捏造的信息，C选项具有一定迷惑性，但描述的是表面的信息，并不是作者举例的真实目的，此处挑选饮料本质是想要阐述一种特定购物行为。
52题讨论的是中罐苏打水定价的理由，A选项吸引更多人去买很明显不对，因为中罐苏打水重量减半价格却很贵，同理B项也不符合，C项本文并未提及，属于生造的信息。所以中罐苏打是为了让顾客以同样价格买到更大罐的饮料从而觉得占到便宜。
53 题A选项看似符合常理，但并不是Dan的研究成果内容，属于张冠李戴;C项文中并没有提及是卖的最好的; 最后的D项也偷换了概念，很有迷惑性，研究结果的意思是如果没有纸质加电子版这个选项的话，大部分人还是会选择更便宜的电子版，但和纸质版对比，同样的价格还可以获得电子版，所以人们会更倾向选择print plus digital，而不是digital
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