中级笔译翻译方法
语言的互相翻译不但有利于各国文化的交流，更有利于语言的发展。为了要适汉地把外国语言中的习语忠实地翻译出来，有经验的翻译工作者会采取很多种方法来翻译。下面是小编整理的几种翻译方法，希望能帮到大家!
一、英语词汇翻译的多样性
在William Thackeray的小说Vanity Fair(名利场)一书中，作者描绘女子学校校长巴巴拉·平克顿给其学生写的推荐书时是这样写的：
1.Although schoolmistresses’ letters are to be trusted no more nor less than churchyard epitaphs;yet, as it sometimes happens that a person departs his life，who is really deserving of all the praises the stone-cutter carves over his bones;who is a good Christian，a good parent，child，wife or husband;who actually does leave a disconsolate family to morn his loss;...
这一段杨必先生译为：
一般说来，校长的信和墓志铭一样靠不住。不过偶然也有几个死人当得起石匠刻在他们朽骨上的好话，真的是虔诚的教徒，慈爱的'父母，孝顺的儿女，尽职的丈夫，贤良的妻子，他们家里的人也真的哀思绵绵地追悼他们。
一个“good”，译得何等文采风流!“虔诚的”、“慈爱的”、“孝顺的”、“贤良的”、“尽职的”不都是在具体语境中从“好的”一词升华出来的吗?
2.A thin man in a thin overcoat watched them out of thin, emotionless eyes.(James Thurber：One Is A Wanderer)
一个骨瘦如柴、衣服单薄、双目失神的男子注视着他们。
I am busy today.
I have a busy day.(……)
3.Some fishing boats were becalmed lust in front of us.Their shadows slept，or almost slept, upon the water，a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not complete sleep，or if sleep，that it was sleep with dreams.
眼前不远，渔舟三五，凝滞不前，樯影斜映水上，仿佛睡去，偶尔微见颤动，似又未曾熟睡，恍若惊梦。
这是一个充满诗情画意的段落。其中sleep(slept)一词出现五次，如果将它们逐个译成“睡”字，大煞风景。译者经过处理，只译出其中三个，分别为“斜映”、“睡去”、“熟睡”，无一简单重复，而另有两个隐去。译得如此丰富多彩，首先在于对原文意蕴的深入发掘和理解。同时也有赖于译者运用语言的娴熟手法。
4.A great company came to the exhibition.(a group of people)
许多人参加了展览会。
The company are now enjoying a feast.(a number of people combined with a common purpose)
那一行人正在进餐。
He kept me company.(He is my guest)
他是我的客人。
We have company today.(invited guest)
今天我们请客。
The ship’s company assembled on the deck for inspection. (a ship’s crew)
全体船员在甲板上等候检阅。
以上例句中都有一个“company”，在不同的语境中就有了不同的含义(见括号内解释)。又如：In married life three is company and two none.此句中的 “company”中的意思又与上面的例子不一样，意思是“和谐”，所以全句的意思是“结婚以后，有了孩子才成其为家”。由此我们想到汉语的成语“两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水喝”可以译成“In social life，two is company and three is none.”正确理解多义词的关键是正确把握语境，也就是上下文，关于这一点我们还要进一步讨论。
二、 同义反译法
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。
(不译：“还留着”或“还呆在那里”)
2. I’ll be here for good this time.
这一次我再也不走了。
(不译：“永远在此呆下去”)
3. Please keep the fire burning when I’m out.
我不在家的时候，别让炉子灭了。
(不译：“我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着”)
4. "Wait, he is serious."
等等，他不是说着玩儿的。
(不译：”等等，他是认真的。“)
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。
(不译：”......对这孩子要坚定“)
三、 删减解释词
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，一定会注意到她们十之八九都有那种独特的优雅风度、那种温柔的声音和文静的举止。