《世说新语》反义复词试探
摘 要
《世说新语》的中反义复词比起先秦文献有明显的增加，作用也越来越重要。从两个语素的意义关系看，有非A即B、非A未必B和AB相向3种关系类型。从两语素的位置看，与现代汉语相比，3种情况：1是古今都只有AB式 ；2是AB式、BA式《世说》中并存，现代汉语只存AB式 ；3是古今AB式、BA式并存。从词性构成看，名词构成有名+名、动+动和形+形3种；动词构成有动+动、名+名和形+形3种；形容词构成仅有形+形1种。从语义构成看，有本义+本义、引申义+引申义和本义+引申义3种。反义复词偏义用法的形成是语言内部原因和外部原因共同作用的结果。
关键词：世说新语；反义复词；类型；特点；成因
ABSTRACT
The antonymous compounds have obviously increased than XianQin’s books in Shi Shuo Xin Yu, the compounds’ functions have become more and more important too.
From the meaning relation between two morphemes, they have not A is B, not A is not B and conversely AB three types. From the order between two morphemes, and compared with contemporary Chinese, have three types: The first is that ancient Chinese and and contemporary Chinese both have AB type; the second is that the AB t type and BA type both have in Shi Shuo’s time and AB type only in contemporary Chinese. The third is that ancient Chinese and contemporary Chinese both have AB type and BA type. From the constitution between two words, the nouns consist of noun + noun, verb + verb and adjective + adjective; the verbs consist of verb + verb, noun + noun, adjective + adjective; the adjectives consist of only have adjective +adjective. From the meaning of words, have original meaning + original meaning, extended meaning + extended meaning, original meaning + extended meaning three types. The antonymous compounds of meaning-focused were caused by internal factor together with exterior factor in Chinese.
Key words: Shi Shuo Xin Yu; antonymous compound; type; characteristic; causal
【《世说新语》反义复词试探】相关文章：
谈古今汉语偏义复词的不同特点09-20
试探人力资源资本化08-29
试探生命不能承受之重论文07-20
走马楼吴简所见“真吏”试探10-13
试探商标名称的特点及其翻译06-23
子思《缁衣》、《表记》、《坊记》思想试探10-18
试探建立每股收益分析指标体系08-07
试探唐代昆仑奴从事的主要工作06-01
李清照词的愁情及其言愁艺术试探07-01
中国近代诗歌语言和形式演变试探06-27