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2016年职称英语理工类B级考试题及答案
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第1部分：词汇选项(第1——15题，每题l分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. Have you talked to her lately?
A.lastly
B.finally
C.shortly
D.recently
2. Can you follow the plot?
A.change
B.investigate
C.write
D.understand
3. Jack eventually overtook the last truck.
A.hit
B.passed
C.reached
D.led
4. Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance.
A.possible
B.profitable
C.easy
D.wise
5. The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society.
A.destroyed
B.broke
C.smashed
D.changed
6. Tickets are limited and will be allocated to, those who apply first.
A.posted
B.sent
C.given
D.handed
7. Loud noises can be irritating.
A.confusing
B.interesting
C.stimulating
D.annoying
8. That player is eternally arguing with the referee.
A.desperately
B.constantly
C.eventually
D.extensively
9. Mary has blended the ingredients.
A.made
B.mixed
C.cooked
D.eaten
10. They agreed to modify their policy.
A.clarify
B.define
C.change
D.develop
11. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.
A.force
B.influence
C.surprise
D.power
12. What is your glad in life?
A.aim
B.plan
C.arrangement
D.idea
13. Enormous sums of money have been spent on space exploration.
A.Much
B.Large
C.Small
D.Fixed
14. About one million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer.
A.every year
B.severely
C.actively
D.every month
15. Her sister urged her to apply for the job.
A.advised
B.caused
C.forced
D.promised
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第2部分：阅读判断(第16——22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择c。
A Dolphin and an Astronomer
One day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other. Sagan was standing on the edge of one of the tanks where several of these friendly, highly intelligent creatures were kept. Elvar had just swum up alongside him and had turned on his back.
The dolphin wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water and made a sound just like the word "more". The astonished astronomer went to the director of the institute and told him about the incident. “Oh, yes. That’s one of the words he knows,” the director said, showing no surprise at a11.
Dolphins have bigger brain in proportion to their body size than humans have, and it has been known for a long time that they can make a number of sounds. What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster and much further in water than it does in air. That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphin than in humans. But can it be said that dolphins have a “language” in the real sense of the word? Scientists don’t agree on this.
A language is not just a collection of sounds, or even words. A language has a structure and what we call a grammar. The structure and grammar of a language help to give it meaning. For example, the two questions “Who loves Mary?” and “Who does Mary love?” mean very different things. If you stop to think about it, you will see that this difference doesn’t come from the words in the question but from the difference in structure. That is why the question “can dolphins speak?” Can’t be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds, but also arrange them in a grammatical order which affects their meaning.
16. The astronomer was not interested in the way dolphins communicate with each other.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
17. The dolphin leapt up into the air because Sagan was too near the water.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
18 Parts of the dolphin’s brain are particularly well developed to handle different kinds of sound.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
19. Dolphins are the most useful animals to humans.
A Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
20. Dolphins travel faster in water than any other animals.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
21. Some scientists believe that dolphins have a language of their own.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
22. Sounds can be called a language only when they have a structure and a grammar.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23——30题，每题1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1——4段每段1选择个最佳标题;(2)第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
The Weight Experiment
Nicola Waiters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a "caioriineier" (热量测试室) is one way to find out.
1. The signs above the two rooms read simply “Chamber One” and “Chamber Two”. These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads, "Please do not enter work in progress" and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers (记录) every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram axe passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer.
2. Nicola Walters is one of the twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness program.
A.self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert (广告) for volunteers at her gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out.
3. The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence (次序) was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 a.m. on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, bet daily exercise routine timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis.
4. The scientists help volunteers impose (确立) a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. “The first time, I only took one video and a book, but It was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time,” says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled (踩踏板) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didn't go too fast.
5. It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full, Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.
23. Paragraph 1___
24. Paragraph 2___
25. Paragraph 3___
26. Paragraph 4___
A.What does the calorimeter look like inside?
B.What program was designed for the experiments?
C.What is a calorimeter?
D.What is the first impression?
E.How do the volunteers kill the time?
F.Why did Nicola join in the experiments?
27. The machinery outside the calorimeters records everything_______.
28. Nicola Walters had time for the experiments
29. Volunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter
30. The experiments show that high-fat diets_______
A.the volunteers do
B.because she does not have a weight problem
C.because the life there can be very boring
D.make people overeat
E.because she was her own boss
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第5部分：补全短文(第46——50题，每题2分，共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
How Did She Conquer the Americans?
African-American talk show queen Oprah Winfrey is the world's most powerful celebrity, according to Forbes magazine.______ (46)
Winfrey, 51, draws 30 million viewers weekly in the United States. Her talk show reaches 112 countries. She earned US$225 million over the past 12 months to rank second in celebrity riches.
The annual Forbes list gives most weight to annual earnings.______ (47)
“After 21 years, her exciting chat show still rules the airwaves. It created new celebrities and hundreds of millions of dollars in profits,” the magazine said.
Winfrey is most popular with her popular talk show “The Oprah Winfrey
Show". She can always attract the superstars and let them open up to her intimate interviewing style.
Last month, American actor Tom Cruise, 42, surprised fans when he celebrated his new romance with 26-year-old actress Katie Holmes. He jumped up and down, shouting "I'm in love." Only a few years ago, Cruise and his ex-wife Nicole Kidman appeared separately on the same show telling the news of their divorce______ (48)
Winfrey's approach appears to be simple. She is in pursuit of self-improvement and self-empowerment (自强). This has proved to be just what people, especially women, want.
Winfrey often talks about her personal secrets on her show. That pulls in viewers. For example, she revealed that she had been sexually abused as a child, and has spoken freely of her struggle with her weight.
Winfrey was born in a poor family in Mississippi in 1954______(49) At the age of 19, she became the youngest person and the first African-American woman to anchor (主持) a news programme.
Her success has not just been on the screen. Her media group includes a women's TV network and websites for women.
Winfrey's work has extended to social change.______ (50)
She testified before the US Senate to establish a national database of dangerous child abusers. President Bill Clinton later signed "Oprah Bill” into law.
A.But it also looks at the celebrity's presence on the Internet and in the media
B.In 1991, she did a lot of work for the National Child Protection Act.
C.She was not a very successful woman
D.She began broadcasting while still at high school
E.It placed Winfrey at the top of its annual ranking of the 100 people last week.
F.The couple had been tight-lipped about their break-up.
第6部分：完形填空(第51——65题，每题1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定一个最佳选项。
Migrant(移民)Workers
In the past twenty years, there has been all increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some countries have restricted(限制)most ______(51) to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East, ______ (52) increased Oil incomes have enabled many countries to call in outsiders to improve local facilities(设施). Thus the Middle East has attracted oil-workers______(53)the U.S.
A.and Europe. It has also brought in workers from many other countries, ______(54)South Korea and Japan.
In view of the difficult living and working ______(55)in the Middle East, it is not surprising that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can______(56) at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they care in their own country, and this is a major______(57).
Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating(补偿)advantage. For example, the______(58) living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to______(59)on each other for safety and comfort. In a similar way, many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly because of the______(60)of entertainment(娱乐) facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do______ (61) work in their home country.
One major problem which_______ (62) migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on______ (63), so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be______ (64) since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. In any______ (65), migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of the considerable financial benefits which they receive.
51.
A.acts
B.jobs
C.activities
D.user
52.
A.which
B.what
C.who
D.where
53
A.from
B.with
C.in
D.about
54
A.opposing
B.limiting
C.including
D.asking
55
A.role
B.conditions
C.difficulty
D.event
56
A.earn
B.borrow
C.offer
D.cast
57
A.advance
B.difficulty
C.event
B.attraction
58
A.necessary
B.possible
C.difficult
D.good
59
A.depend
B.look
C.base
D.go
60
A.range
B.lack
C.price
D.number
61
A.routine
B.causal
C.additional
D.interesting
62.
A.invites
B.affects
C.needs
D.hates
63.
A.investment
B.strike
C.contract
D.duty
64.
A.suggested
B.reported
C.argued
D.expected
65.
A.time
B.attempt
C.way
D.case
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【参考答案】
第一部分：词汇选项(第1——15题，每题1分，共15分)
1. D2. D3. B4. D5. D6. C7. D8. B9. B10. C
11. B 12. D 13. B 14.A15.A
第二部分：阅读判断(第16——22题，每题1分，共7分)
16. B17. B18.A19. C20。 C21. A22.A
第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23——30题，每题1分，共8分)
23.C 24.F 25.B 26.E 27.A 28.E29.C 30.D
第四部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分)
31.D 32.A 33.C 34.B 35.D 36.C 37.A 38.A 39.B 40.D
41. B42.A43. C44. D45.C
第五部分：补全短文(第46——50题，每题2分，共10分)
46.E 47.A 48.F 49.D 50.B
第六部分：完形填空(第51——65题，每题1分，共15分)
51.B 52.D 53.A 54.C 55.B56.A 57.B 58.C 59.A 60.B
61.A62.B63.C64.D 65 D
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