高考英语阅读提升训练 医学常识
明天就要高考了，今天小编准备了一些比较有代表性的高考英语阅读理解题给大家考前练练手，希望可以帮助同学们在高考前尽快找到自己的做题状态。
医学常识
维A1 阅读理解(每题2分，满分分)
高考曾用材料：2010湖北卷C篇
选材相似度：★★★★
设题相似度：★★★
难度系数：★★★
First aid is the action of limited care for an illness or injury in the beginning.It is usually performed by a lay person to a sick or injured patient until definitive medical treatment can be accessed.Certain selflimiting illnesses or minor injuries may not require further medical care.It generally consists of series of simple lifesaving techniques that an individual can be trained to perform with minimal equipment.
While first aid can also be performed on animals，the term generally refers to care of human patients.
Certain skills are considered essential to the action of first aid and are taught everywhere.Particularly，the “ABC”s of first aid，which focus on critical lifesaving action，must be rendered before treatment of less serious injuries.ABC stands for Airway，Breathing，and Circulation.The same mnemonic is used by all emergency health professionals.Attention must first be brought to the airway to ensure it is clear.Choking is a lifethreatening emergency.A first aid attendant would determine properness of breathing and provide rescue breathing if necessary.
Some organizations add a fourth step of “D” for Deadly bleeding，while others consider this as part of the Circulation step.Variations on techniques to maintain the ABCs depend on the skill level of the first aider.Once the ABCs are secured，first aiders can begin additional treatments，as required.Some organizations teach the same order of priority using the “3Bs” ：Breathing，Bleeding，and Bones.While the ABCs and 3Bs are taught to be performed continuously，certain conditions may require the consideration of two steps at the same time.This includes the action of both CPR and chest compressions to someone who is not breathing and has no pulse.
Notes：
①lay adj.外行的 ②render vt.实施 ③priority n.优先权
长短句分析：While first aid can also be performed on animals，the term generally refers to care of human patients.
句法点睛：本句中，while引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管”。
句意：尽管急救可以用在动物身上，但这个术语一般指对病人的救助。
【语篇解读】 急救是指在最后的医疗救护到来之前对病人实施的初步的救助。在实施急救过程中，我们要把握好“ABC”策略，即“气道、呼吸、循环”三要素。也有人增加了D元素，即“流血”的处理。无论怎样只要我们掌握合理的急救知识，病人就能得到救助。
1.What does “It” in the first paragraph refer to?
A.First aid.
B.Definitive medical treatment.
C.Further medical care.
D.An injury.
答案 A [词义猜测题。联系第一句作者给first aid下的定义，以及“series of simple lifesaving techniques that an individual can be trained to perform with minimal equipment”可知，it在这里指急救。]
2.When we talk about first aid we usually mean ________ according to the passage.
A.giving professional help
B.giving original help to humans
C.treating animals
D.any help to animals and humans
答案 B [细节理解题。联系第二段中的“the term generally refers to care of human patients”可知，尽管急救可以指对动物的救助，但是一般来说，只指对人实施的最初救助。D有一定的.干扰性，救助是指对病人实施的救助，而不是任何帮助都叫“first aid”。]
3.When giving first aid we must first make sure ________.
A.the airway is clear
B.the patient must breathe
C.we have necessary medical tools
D.the patient is not choked
答案 A [细节理解题。从“Attention must first be brought to the airway to ensure it is clear.”可知，确保病人气道通畅，这是最重要的。]
4.While a man is choked we should ________.
A.begin additional treatments
B.make sure he has pulse
C.make him breathe smoothly
D.take two steps at the same time
答案 C [细节理解题。从“Choking is a lifethreatening emergency.A first aid attendant would determine properness of breathing and provide rescue breathing if necessary.”可知，对窒息病人而言，确保他呼吸是最重要的。]
维A2 阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)
选材网站：http：//www.timeforkids.com
高考曾用材料：2010安徽卷D篇
选材相似度：★★★★