考研英语必须记住的阅读真题经典长难句
阅读命题常针对长难句。所以很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。下面是yjbys给出一些典型的句子，建议熟读甚至背诵以做到考试时碰到类似句子就能抓住重点。
考研英语必须记住的阅读真题经典长难句 1
1、复合句
When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
[结构分析]
本句的主干是it is advisable to find out... for... it is possible that...，句首的When引导一个时间状语从句，句中的for... it is possible... (至句末)是一个并列分句，表示原因，其中for后面的however +形容词farfetched and unreasonable引导状语从句，表示让步。在主干it is advisable to find out... 中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式结构to find out what its advocates are aiming at是真正的主语。
[参考译文]
当艺术上的一项新运动达到一定流行程度时，最好先弄清该运动倡导者的目的，因为，无论他们的创作原则在今天看来多么牵强、多么荒谬，在未来这些理论有可能会被视为正常的东西。
2、并列句
While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
[结构分析]
这也是一个并列句，包含两个分句。第一个分句的主干是your could-be employer is deciding whether...，其中whether引导一个宾语从句whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you;第二个分句的主干是your “wares” and abilities must be displayed...。注意：pay sb. to do sth.此处的意思是“做…对…有利”;“wares”的本义是“商品、货物”，但在本文中，作者认为找工作就是推销自己，所以结合本文的背景，wares的意思是“(求职者的)资历或能力”。
[参考译文]
与你谈话时，可能成为你未来老板的人会考虑你所受的教育、你的经历和你的其他资历是否在雇佣你以后会给他带来好处。你的'“资历”和能力必须有条不紊、合理连贯地展示出来。
3、定语从句
The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.
[结构分析]
本句是一个并列句，以and连接;第一个分句的主干是The change met the technical requirements...，后面的介词结构by engaging a large professional element作状语，说明met the technical requirements of the new age的方式;第二个分句的主干是(the change) prevented the decline in efficiency，后面的that引导的定语从句修饰decline in efficiency。注意：engage此处的意思是“雇，聘”。
[参考译文]
通过雇用大量的职业人才，这一变化满足了新时代的技术要求，防止了效率下降——在过去，这种效率下降经常使家族公司在充满活力的创业者之后的第二代或第三代毁掉全部财产。
4、名词性从句
Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request.
[结构分析]
本句的主干是Online culture thinks highly of the notion that...，其中notion后面的that引导一个同位语从句，说明notion的具体内容;同位语从句的主干是the information...comes there...，其中flowing onto the screen作定语，修饰the information，句末的by specific request作状语，修饰come there。
[参考译文]
网络文化非常推崇这样一种理念：出现在用户屏幕上的信息应该是根据用户特定要求发送过来的。
5、状语从句
Consumers seem only concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt tightening.
[结构分析]
本句是以and连接的并列句，其中第二个分句的主干是many say...，say后面的部分是宾语从句，其中还包含一个as引导的让步状语从句。
[参考译文]
消费者们看上去只是有点担心，而没有恐慌，很多消费者说尽管他们正在把开支紧缩一点，但是他们对经济的长期前景仍然保持乐观。
6、特殊结构
(1)强调句
Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.
[结构分析]
这是一个强调句，基本结构是it is...suffering...that makes...so fascinating，被强调部分是humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought，其中的中心词是suffering，有两个修饰成分：humankind’s long和at the mercy of flood and drought(受旱涝摆布)都做suffering的定语。suffering这个词除了是被强调的部分外，还是后面that引导的从句的主语;在that引导的从句中，ideal做宾语，带有of引导的动名词短语forcing the waters to do our bidding(让河水听我们吩咐)这个定语;so fascinating做ideal的宾语补语，说明ideal的特点。
[参考译文]
也许正是因为人类长期以来遭受旱涝摆布的痛苦，才使他们制服洪水的理想显得如此令人着迷。
(2)倒装结构
Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West.
[结构分析]
否定副词nowhere放在句首，所以句子出现部分倒装。注意：more 与否定词nowhere一起使用，相当于最高级。dramatize此处的意思是“突出显示，使…戏剧化”。
[参考译文]
1980年美国的人口普查数据表明，没有哪个地方比美国最西部更能突出显示美国人想寻找更广阔的生存空间。
(3)比较结构
Mr. McWhorter’s academic specialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.
[结构分析]
本句是一个并列句，包含两个以and连接的分句，其中第二个分句比较复杂：宾语是the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example，接着是to be natural and no more regrettable，这一部分作上述宾语的补足语，最后是比较结构no more... than... (像…一样不…)。
[参考译文]
麦克沃特先生的学术专长是语言史和语言变化。举例来说，他认为“whom”一词的逐渐消失是很自然的，像古英中词格结尾的消失一样不令人惋惜。
(4)分隔结构
With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.
[结构分析]
本句的主干是the case is rather difficult, for... it can hardly be classed as Literature，前面的however表示本句与前一句形成对比，句首的介词结构With regard to Futurist poetry作状语，其中with regard to的意思是“关于…”; for... it can hardly be classed as Literature是一个并列分句，表示原因，主干是it can hardly be classed as Literature; for后面的从句whatever Futurist poetry may be表示让步，作状语;破折号之间的部分even admitting that... 也是让步状语，其中that 引导一个宾语从句that the theory... may be right，而从句的主语theory后又带有定语从句on which it is based。
[参考译文]
然而就未来主义诗歌而言，情况就很难说了，因为不管未来主义诗歌是什么——即使承认其理论基础是正确的——也很难将其归为文学。
考研英语必须记住的阅读真题经典长难句 2
1.The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.
翻译：美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2.Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
翻译：因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3.If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.
翻译：另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
4.In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
翻译：在美国经济中，私有财产的`概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体（经济单位）自由签定合同的权利。
5.At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.
翻译：同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们（计算机）也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。
6.Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
翻译：不计其数的其他商业企业，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施到牛奶处理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服务。
7.Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.
翻译：残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。
8.The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
翻译：在过去的30年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。
9.It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.
翻译：它（广告）能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以（使公司）建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。
10.Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.
翻译：除去议会有27件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。
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