三八妇女节的来历简介

三八妇女节的来历简介

　　在不断进步的时代，报告有着举足轻重的地位，我们在写报告的时候要注意逻辑的合理性。那么，报告到底怎么写才合适呢？以下是小编整理的三八妇女节的来历简介，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。

　　三八妇女节的来历

　　International Womens Day （8 March） is an occasion marked by womens groups around the world。 This date is also commemorated at the United Nations and is designated in many countries as a national holiday。 When women on all continents， often divided by national boundaries and by ethnic， linguistic， cultural， economic and political differences， come together to celebrate their Day， they can look back to a tradition that represents at least nine decades of struggle for equality， justice， peace and development。

　　International Womens Day is the story of ordinary women as makers of history; it is rooted in the centuries—old struggle of women to participate in society on an equal footing with men。 In ancient Greece， Lysistrata initiated a sexual strike against men in order to end war; during the French Revolution， Parisian women calling for "liberty， equality， fraternity" marched on Versailles to demand womens suffrage。

　　The idea of an International Womens Day first arose at the turn of the century， which in the industrialized world was a period of expansion and turbulence， booming population growth and radical ideologies。 Following is a brief chronology of the most important events：

　　1909

　　In accordance with a declaration by the Socialist Party of America， the first National Womans Day was observed across the United States on 28 February。 Women continued to celebrate it on the last Sunday of that month through 1913。

　　1910

　　The Socialist International， meeting in Copenhagen， established a Womens Day， international in character， to honour the movement for womens rights and to assist in achieving universal suffrage for women。 The proposal was greeted with unanimous approval by the conference of over 100 women from 17 countries， which included the first three women elected to the Finnish parliament。 No fixed date was selected for the observance。

　　1911

　　As a result of the decision taken at Copenhagen the previous year， International Womens Day was marked for the first time （19 March） in Austria， Denmark， Germany and Switzerland， where more than one million women and men attended rallies。 In addition to the right to vote and to hold public office. they demanded the right to work， to vocational training and to an end to discrimination on the job。

　　Less than a week later， on 25 March. the tragic Triangle Fire in New York City took the lives of more than 140 working girls， most of them Italian and Jewish immigrants。 This event had a significant impact on labour legislation in the United States， and the working conditions leading up to the disaster were invoked during subsequent observances of International Womens Day。

　　1913—1914

　　As part of the peace movement brewing on the eve of World War I， Russian women observed their first International Womens Day on the last Sunday in February 1913。 Elsewhere in Europe， on or around 8 March of the following year， women held rallies either to protest the war or to express solidarity with their sisters。

　　1917

　　With 2 million Russian soldiers dead in the war， Russian women again chose the last Sunday in February to strike for "bread and peace"。 Political leaders opposed the timing of the strike， but the women went on anyway。 The rest is history： Four days later the Czar was forced to abdicate and the provisional Government granted women the right to vote。 That historic Sunday fell on 23 February on the Julian calendar then in use in Russia， but on 8 March on the Gregorian calendar in use elsewhere。

　　Since those early years， International Womens Day has assumed a new global dimension for women in developed and developing countries alike。 The growing international womens movement， which has been strengthened by four global United Nations womens conferences， has helped make the commemoration a rallying point for coordinated efforts to demand womens rights and participation in the political and economic process。 Increasingly， International Womens Day is a time to reflect on progress made， to call for change and to celebrate acts of courage and determination by ordinary women who have played an extraordinary role in the history of womens rights。

　　The Role of the United Nations

　　Few causes promoted by the United Nations have generated more intense and widespread support than the campaign to promote and protect the equal rights of women。 The Charter of the United Nations， signed in San Francisco in 1945， was the first international agreement to proclaim gender equality as a fundamental human right。 Since then， the Organization has helped create a historic legacy of internationally agreed strategies， standards， programmes and goals to advance the status of women worldwide。

　　Over the years， United Nations action for the advancement of women has taken four clear directions： promotion of legal measures; mobilization of public opinion and international action; training and research， including the compilation of gender desegregated statistics; and direct assistance to disadvantaged groups。 Today a central organizing principle of the work of the United Nations is that no enduring solution to societys most threatening social， economic and political problems can be found without the full participation， and the full empowerment， of the worlds women。

　　三八妇女节的来历简介

　　19世纪西方资本主义开始蓬勃发展，资本家开始雇佣女工，但是令人吃惊的是女工和男工同样的工作时长以及同样的工作强度，但是女工和男工没有同样的报酬。女工每天大概要工作16—17个小时，并且没有任何休息日，近况十分悲惨，妇女的劳动力完全被资本家敲骨吸髓，压榨殆尽。

　　就在1908年3月8日，具有觉醒意识的1500名妇女在美国纽约市游行，强烈要求缩短工作时间，并且一定要提高劳动报酬，并且还为自己争取应有的选举权，还向企业家提出禁止使用童工，5月美国社会党决定以2月的最后一个星期日作为国内的妇女节，从这开始妇女节就诞生了。

　　1910年8月，第2届国际社会主义妇女代表大会在丹麦的哥本哈根如期举行。此次会议的最重要的一个决定就是通过了美国妇女举行游行示威的3月8日定为国际妇女节。

　　在中国妇女第一次纪念38妇女节，是在1924年在中国共产党的领导下，广州的劳动妇女联合了各界被压迫妇女举行了纪念会，所以在1924年之后，中国一直有过妇女节的传统。

　　1949年新中国成立之后，我国作出重要决定，将3月8日定为妇女节，并且在该节制，全国妇女可以放假半天，全国各地都可以各种各样的形式来纪念这一个节日，中国妇女的地位得到了普遍的上升。

　　在联合国介绍国际妇女节的网页上，把“三八”国际妇女节的起源归因于20世纪初期一系列的妇女运动大事，这些事件包括：1909年，美国社会党人将2月28日定为全国妇女日；1910年，第二国际哥本哈根会议上以克拉拉。蔡特金为首的来自17个国家的100余名妇女代表筹划设立国际妇女节，但未规定确切的日期；1911年3月19日，奥地利、丹麦、德国和瑞士等国有超过100万妇女集会庆祝国际妇女节。

　　1913年2月的最后一个周日，俄罗斯妇女以举行反对第一次世界大战示威游行的方式庆祝了她们的国际妇女节；1914年3月8日，欧洲多国妇女举行反战示威游行；1917年3月8日（俄历2月23日），为纪念在一战中丧生的近200万俄罗斯妇女，俄罗斯妇女举行罢工，拉开了“二月革命”的序幕，4天后，沙皇被迫退位，临时政府宣布赋予妇女选举权。

　　可以说，正是20世纪初这一系列发生在欧洲和美洲的女权运动共同促成了“三八”国际妇女节的诞生，而不是人们想当然的“国际妇女节”只是国际共产主义运动的遗产。

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