陶渊明桃花源记英译赏析

时间：2022-03-23 14:33:16 英语笔译我要投稿

陶渊明桃花源记英译赏析

　　桃花源记是我们小学时期必背的文言文之一，大家还记得怎么背吗?下面是小编分享的陶渊明桃花源记英译赏析。欢迎阅读!

陶渊明桃花源记英译赏析

　　桃花源记——陶渊明

　　The Peach Colony

　　(译者：林语堂)

　　晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业，缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷;渔人甚异之。复前行，欲穷其林。林尽水源，便得一山。山有小口，仿佛若有光，便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人;复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然。有良田美池，桑竹之属，阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人;黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来;具答之。便要还家，设酒、杀鸡、作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云：先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉;遂与外人间隔。问今是何世?乃不知有汉，无论魏、晋!此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食，停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道。”

　　既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷不复得路。南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往，未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。

　　During the reign of Taiyuan of Chin, there was a fisherman of Wuling. One day he was walking along a bank. After having gone a certain distance, he suddenly came upon a peach grove which extended along the bank for about a hundred yards. He noticed with surprise that the grove had a magic effect, so singularly free from the usual mingling of brushwood, while the beautifully grassy ground was covered with its rose petals. He went further to explore, and when he came to the end of the grove, he saw a spring which came from a cave in the hill, Having noticed that there seemed to be a weak light in the cave, he tied up his boat and decided to go in and explore. At first the opening was very narrow, barely wide enough for one person to go in. After a dozen steps, it opened into a flood of light. He saw before his eyes a wide, level valley, with houses and fields and farms. There were bamboos and mulberries; farmers were working and dogs and chickens were running about. The dresses of the men and women were like those of the outside world, and the old men and children appeared very happy and contented. They were greatly astonished to see the fisherman and asked him where he had come from. The fisherman told them and was invited to their homes, where wine was served and chicken was killed for dinner to entertain him. The villagers hearing of his coming all came to see him and to talk. They said that their ancestors had come here as refugees to escape from the tyranny of Tsin Shih-huang (builder of Great Wall) some six hundred years ago, and they had never left it. They were thus completely cut off from the world, and asked what was the ruling dynasty now. They had not even heard of the Han Dynasty (two centuries before to two centuries after Christ), not to speak of the Wei (third century A.D.) and the Chin (third and fourth centuries). The fisherman told them, which they heard with great amazement. Many of the other villagers then began to invite him to their homes by turn and feed him dinner and wine.After a few days, he took leave of them and left. The villagers begged him not to tell the people outside about their colony.

　　The man found his boat and came back, marking with signs the route he had followed. He went to the magistrate’s office and told the magistrate about it. The latter sent someone to go with him and find the place. They looked for the signs but got lost and could never find it again. Liu Tsechi of Nanyang was a great idealist. He heard of this story, and planned to go and find it, but was taken ill and died before he could fulfill his wish. Since then, no one has gone in search of this place.

　　【译文】

　　东晋太元年间，有一个武陵人以捕鱼为业，一天他沿着溪流划船前行，竟然忘掉了路的远近。忽然遇到一片桃花林，夹着溪水两岸有数百步之长，其中没有其他树木，地上的芳草鲜嫩优美，遍地是掉落的桃花瓣;渔人觉得十分惊奇。又继续向前走，想走完这片桃花林。

　　桃花林的尽头就是溪水的发源地，走到那里便发现有一座山。山有一个小的洞口，洞口好象有亮光;渔人就离开小船从洞口进去。刚进去时洞很狭窄，仅能容得一个人通过;又朝前走了几十步，突然开阔明亮起来。里面土地平坦开阔，房屋排列整齐，有肥沃的田地，美丽的池塘及桑树、翠竹一类东西;田间道路交错相通，彼此可以听到鸡鸣狗叫的声音。桃花源中的人往来、耕种、劳作，以及男女穿的衣服，都同外面的人一模一样;老老少少都很安适快乐。他们看到渔人以后，大为惊异;问他从什么地方来，渔人全都作了回答。他们就邀请渔人到家里去，备酒杀鸡热情款待。村民听说来了这样一个人，都来探问外界消息。他们说自己的祖先为了躲避秦时的战乱，带领妻子小孩和同乡人来到这个与外界隔绝的地方，从此以后不再出去;于是就跟外界隔绝了。又问渔人现在是什么朝代，他们竟不知道有汉朝，更不要说魏朝和晋朝了。渔人就详尽地讲了自己所知道的事情，他们都十分感叹。其他的人也都邀请渔人到自己家里，拿出酒食来款待。住了几天，渔人要告辞回去，桃花源中的人对他说：“这里的事不必对外人讲。”

　　渔人出来以后，找到他的.船，就沿着老路回去，一处处都做了标记。到了郡城，就往见太守说了自己进入桃花源的经过。太守立即派人跟随渔人前去，寻找先前所做的标记，结果竟然迷失方向没有能够找到原来的道路。南阳的刘子骥，是个高尚的隐士，听到这件事情，就高兴地计划前去探访。但没有能够实现，不久就生病死了。以后就再也没有去寻找的人了。

　　【赏析】

　　文章开端，先以美好闲静、“芳草鲜美，落英缤纷”的桃花林作为铺垫，引出一个质朴自然的化外世界。在那里，一切都是那么单纯，那么美好，没有税赋，没有战乱，没有沽名钓誉，也没有勾心斗角。甚至连一点吵吵嚷嚷的声音都听不到。人与人之间的关系也是那么平和，那么诚恳。造成这一切的原因，作者没有明说，但从“乃不知有汉，无论魏晋”一句中已隐约透露了消息：原来归根结底，是因为没有一个高踞人民头上为私利互相攻伐的统治集团。这个幻想中的桃源世界，对生活在虚伪黑暗、战乱频繁、流血不断的现实世界中的人们来说，无疑是令人神往的。作者的简净笔触，恰如其分地表现出桃花源的气氛，使文章更富有感染力。当然，这种理想的境界在当时现实中是不存在的，只是作者通过对大同社会的构想，艺术地展现了大同社会的风貌，是不满黑暗现实的一种精神寄托，表现了作者对理想社会的憧憬以及对现实社会的不满。

　　桃花源中的家庭多为主干家庭(三代同堂)，从“其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。”从“男女”、“黄发”、“垂髫”这三个词便可以看出此点。

　　文章的结构也颇有巧妙之处。作者借用小说笔法，以一个捕渔人的经历为线索展开故事。开头的交代，时代、渔人的籍贯，都写得十分肯定，似乎真有其事。这就缩短了读者与作品的心理距离，把读者从现实世界引入到迷离惝恍的桃花源。相反，如果一开头就是“山在虚无缥缈间”，读者就会感到隔远，作品的感染力也就会大打折扣。“不足为外人道也”及渔人返寻所志，迷不得路，使读者从这朦胧飘忽的化外世界退回到现实世界，心中依旧充满了对它的依恋。文末南阳刘子骥规往不果一笔，又使全文有余意不穷之趣。

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