职称英语考试试题及答案
职称英语冲刺试题及答案
I. Vocabulary
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
1. After we had been in the village for a few months, we so liked it that we decided to settle there .
A. in turn
B. for good
C. as usual
D. at most
2. I am easily hurt because my feelings are very __
A. sensible
B. sensational
C. sensitive
D. sentimental
3. A large sum of money has been raised for the __ of the poorly educated children in the mountainous districts.
A. profit
B. favor
C. advantage
D. benefit
4. High speed aircraft is made of metals that can __ both high temperature and pressure.
A. stand by
B. put up with
C. withhold
D. withstand
5. He failed again in the driving test. I don't know why __ he was so nervous.
A. in the earth
B. on the earth
C. in earth
D. on earth
6. No one can behave __, completely regardless of social conventions.
A. at will
B. at random
C. on purpose
D. on easy
7. The attack on Pearl Harbor __ the indignation of the whole nation.
A. raised
B. rose
C. aroused
D. arose
8. Eminent physicists from all over the world came to the U.S. to __ the centennial (一百周年) of Einstein's birth.
A. congratulate
B. applaud
C. celebrate
D. participate
9. With the winter here you can __ these skirts till you need them again next summer.
A. do away with
B. put away
C. get rid of
D. give away
10. In the bitter cold, the explorers managed to __ despite the shortage of food.
A. live
B. survive
C. bear
D. endure
参考答案及解析
1. 【答案】B
【参考译文】在这个村庄住了几个月后，我们便如此喜欢它以至于决定在那儿永久定居下来。
【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题。
【词组辨析】for good永久地：He left his hometown for good and never came back. 他永久地离开了故乡，再也没回来过。A. in turn轮流;依次：They speak in turn at the meeting. 他们在会上依次发言。C. as usual像往常一样：As usual, he has lunch at this small restaurant. 像往常一样，他在这家小饭馆吃午饭。D. at most 最多：There are 10 minutes at most to go. 最多还有10分钟。
2. 【答案】C
【译文】我感情上容易受伤是因为我很敏感。
【试题分析】词语辨析题，了解相近词的不同意义和用法。
【详细解答】sensitive意为“敏感的”，符合句意。sensible“理智的”;sensational“令人吃惊的”;sentimental“多愁善感的”，均不符合句意。
3. 【答案】D
【参考译文】为了山区那些未受过良好教育的孩子们的利益，已筹集了一大笔资金。
【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题。
【词义辨析】benefit利益、好处：for the benefit of the people为了人民的利益。A. profit利润，指跟商业有关的获利：make a big profit 获得丰厚利润。B. favor宠爱;赞同;恩惠;一般用于in favor of 结构中，表示“对……有利”或“支持……;赞同……”。C. advantage优势，一般用于to the advantage of sb. 结构中，表示“对某人有利”。所以D项为最佳答案。
4. 【答案】D
【参考译文】高速飞行器由能耐高温和高压的金属制成。
【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题，又为形近词辨析题。
【词义辨析】withstand经受，承受：withstand kicks and blows经得起拳打脚踢。A. stand by在场;旁观：How can you stand by and watch the country go to ruin? 你怎能坐视国家的灭亡? B. put up with忍受，只用人做主语。I can’t put up with his rudeness. 我无法忍受他的无礼。C. withhold阻挡：withhold the information把消息扣留着不让人知道。
5. 【答案】D
【参考译文】他驾驶考试又失败了。我真不明白他究竟为什么如此紧张。
【试题分析】此题考固定搭配。
【详细解答】on earth为固定搭配，表示“究竟”，为程度副词。如：What on earth do you want me to do? 你究竟想要我干什么? B. on the earth在地球上。A. in the earth在泥土里。
6. 【答案】A
【参考译文】没有人能完全不顾社会惯例而为所欲为。
【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题，根据句意来判断。
【详细解答】at will任意，随心所欲。B. at random随便地，偶然地：I just picked up a book at random to kill my time. 我只是随便拿了本书以消磨时间。C. on purpose故意地：He did it on purpose. 他故意这么做。D. on easy没有这样的词组。
7. 【答案】C
【参考译文】袭击珍珠港事件激起了整个民族的愤慨。
【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题。
【词组辨析】arouse激起：arouse students’ interest引起学生的兴趣。A. raise举起;提高：raise your hand举手。B. rise上升：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。D. arise出现：New problems will arise soon after the old are solved. 旧的问题解决了新的问题马上又出现了。注意rise和arise均为不及物动词。
8. 【答案】C
【译文】世界各地的杰出物理学家们来到美国庆祝爱因斯坦诞辰一百周年。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】celebrate在这里作“庆祝”解，congratulate意为“祝贺”，一般以人作宾语，如：congratulate sb. on sth. , applaud 是鼓掌，participate是参加，后面应跟介词in。
9. 【答案】B
【参考译文】冬天来了, 你可以将这些裙子收好直到明年夏天再用。
【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。
【词义辨析】do away with 废除, put away贮存, 留下来(以后用), get rid of去掉, give away分发, 分送。
10. 【答案】B
【参考译文】尽管缺少食物，探险者们在严冬中仍设法幸存下来。
【试题分析】此题为词义辨析，根据句意选择最佳答案。
【词义辨析】survive幸存;活下来;通常指在逆境中(灾难、困难等)生活下去。如survive an accident在事故中幸免于难。A. live生活;生存。虽然在语法上也成立，但不如survive恰当。C. bear忍受，遭受;D. endure忍受，遭受。C、D均不合句意。
职称英语考试理工类阅读理解练习题
Going Her Own Way
When she was twelve, Maria made her first important decision about the course of her life. She decided that she wanted to continue her education, Most girls from middle-class families chose to stay home after primary school，though some attended private Catholic "finishing" schools. There they learned a little about music，art，needlework，and how to make polite conversation. This was not the sort of education that interested Maria —or her mother. By this time，she had begun to take her studies more seriously. She read constantly and brought her books everywhere. One time she even brought her math book to the theater and tried to study in the dark.
Maria knew that she wanted to go on learning in a serious way. That meant attending the public high school，something that very few girls did. In Italy at the time，there were two types of high schools: the "classical" schools and the "technical" schools. In the classical schools，the students followed a very traditional program of studies，with courses in Latin and Greek language and literature，and Italian literature and history1. The few girls who continued studying after primary school usually chose these schools.
Maria，however，wanted to attend a technical school. The technical schools were more modem than the classical schools and they offered courses in modern languages，mathematics，science，and accounting2.Most people — including Maria's father — believed that girls would never be able to understand these subjects. Furthermore，they did not think it was proper for girls to study them.
Maria did not care if it was proper or not. Math and science were the subjects that interested her most. But before she could sign up for the technical school，she had to win her father' sapproval. She finally did，with her mother's help，though for many years after，there was tension in the family. Maria's father continued to oppose her plans，while her mother helped her.
In 1883，at age thirteen，Maria entered the "Regia Scuola Tecnica Michelangelo Buonarroti" in Rome. Her experience at this school is difficult for us to imagine. Though the courses included modern subjects，the teaching methods were very traditional. Learning consisted of memorizing long lists of facts and repeating them back to the teacher. Students were not supposed to ask questions or think for themselves in any way. Teachers were very demanding，discipline in the classroom was strict，and punishment was severe for those who failed to achieve or were disobedient.
词汇:
discipline /'disiplin/ n. 纪律，学科，训练，惩罚 punishment / 'p?ni?m?nt/ n. 惩罚，严厉对待，虐待
注释:
1. In the classical schools，the students followed a very traditional program of studies，with courses in Latin and Greek language and literature，and Italian literature and history. 在传统学校中，学生们都依照一种非常传统的教学方式学习，包含拉丁语、希腊语与文学课，还有意大利文学与历史。
2. The technical schools were more modem than the classical schools and they offered courses in modern languages，mathematics，science，and accounting. 技术学校比传统学校要现代得多， 他们提供的课程有现代语言、数学、自然科学，以及会计学。
练习:
1.Maria wanted to attend________.
A.private “finishing” school
B.school with Latin and Greek
C.technical high school
D.school for art and music
2.In those days, most Italian girls________.
A.went to classical schools
B.went to “finishing” schools
C.did not go to high school
D.went to technical schools
3.You can infer from this passage that________.
A.girls usually attended private primary schools
B.only boys usually attended technical schools
C.girls did not like going to school
D.only girls attended classical schools
4.Maria’s father probably________.
A.had very modern views about women
B.had very traditional views about women
C.had no opinion about women
D.thought women could not learn Latin
5.High school teachers in Italy In those days were________.
A.very modern
B.very intelligent
C.quite scientific
D.quite strict
答案与题解：
1. C 本题的问题是：Maria想去个怎样的学校?由文中第三段可明确得出结论。“Maria, however, wanted to attend a technical school .” A, B, D项均有明显错误。
2. C 本题的问题是：在当时的意大利大多数女孩的选择是什么?由文中的第一段可知“Most girls from middle-–class families chose to stay home after primary school ,”所以本题的正确答案为C。
3. B 本题为推理题，问题是：从全文可以得出什么样的结论?A选项未提及。C选项错误，原文只说大多数女孩子都选择呆在家里，并未说她们都不喜欢读书。D选项错误，原文只说就算是上学的话大多数女孩子都选择传统学校，而并非只有女孩子可以去。所以正确答案为B。
4. B 本题问的是：Maria的父亲对女性的态度是什么?由文中第三段倒数第二句“Most people—including Maria’s father —believed in the girls would never be able to understand these subjects.”可以得出答案，父亲和大多数人一样都持传统观念。
5. D 本题的问题是：当时的意大利高中教师是怎样的?从文中最后一段可以得出结论“Teachers were very demanding, discipline in the classroom was strict, and punishment was severe for those who failed to achieve or were disobedient,”故正确答案为D。
职称英语考试理工类阅读理解预测题
Pop Music in Africa
Young musicians in African countries are creating a new kind of pop music. The tunes and the rhythms of their music combine African traditions with various forms of music popular today, such as hip-hop, rap, rock, jazz, or reggae. The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world, but at the same time is distinctly African. It is different also in another way: Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today.
Eric Wainaina is one of these African musicians. He grew up in Nairobi, Kenya, in a family of musicians. As a teenager, he listened to pop music from the United States, and later he moved to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music. Now he has produced a CD in Kenya. Eric's most popular song, "Land of ‘A Little Something’” is about Kenya's problem of bribery, or paying others for illegal favors. He wants people to listen to his songs and think about how to make Kenya a better place to live.
Another musician who writes serious songs is Witness Mwaijaga from Tanzania. Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women. At the age of fifteen she lost her home, but she was luckier than other homeless young people. She could make a living by writing songs and singing on the street. By the time she was eighteen years old, she had become a star. Her songs are written in rap or hip-hop style about the problems that she sees in Tanzania, especially AIDS and the lack of rights for women1.
Baaba Maal, from Senegal, also feels that pop music must go beyond entertainment. He says that in Senegal, storytellers have always been important people. In the past, they were the ones who kept the history of their people alive. Baaba believes that songwriters now have a similar responsibility. They must write about the world around them and help people understand how it could be better. The words of his songs are important, in fact. They speak of peace and cooperation among Africans, as well as the rights of women, love for one' s family, and saving the environment2.
One of South Africa's most popular musicians is Brenda Fassie. She is sometimes compared to Madonna, the American pop star, because she likes to shock people in her shows. But she also likes to make people think. She became famous in the 1980s for her simple pop songs against apartheid. Now that apartheid has ended, her songs are about other issues in South African culture and life. To sing about these, she uses local African languages and a new pop style called kwaito.
In recent years, people outside of Africa have also begun to listen to these young musicians. Through music, the younger generation of Africans are connecting with the rest of the world and, at the same time, influencing the rest of the world.
词汇：
reggae /'regei/ n. 瑞格舞(西印度群岛的舞曲) bribery /'braib?ri/ n. 拍马屁，贿赂
apartheid / ? 'P a:theit / n. 种族隔离
注释：
1. Her songs are written in rap or hip-hop style about the problems that she sees in Tanzania, especially AIDS and the lack of rights for women. 她用嘻哈和说唱的风格写歌，歌曲的内容是 坦桑尼亚的各种问题，特别是艾滋和女性权利的缺失。
2. They speak of peace and cooperation among Africans, as well as the rights of women, love for one's family, and saving the environment. 他倡导在非洲要和平与协作，同时也包括妇女权利、热爱家庭和保护环境。
练习：
1. This passage is about how African pop music is_______.
A) usually about love and romance
B) more serious than most pop music
C) popular with young people in Africa
D) mostly written just for entertainment
2. For people outside of Africa, African pop music is _______.
A) the same as other pop music
B) not usually very interesting
C) entirely strange to them
D) both familiar and different
3. The musicians mentioned in this passage all_______.
A) write about serious problems
B) studied in the United States
C) lost their homes at a young age
D) write songs in a new pop style
4. Eric Wainaina_______.
A) prefers to sing in English
B) listened to traditional music
C) studied music in Boston
D) performs only in the United States
5. Witness Mwaijaga writes about the problem of women partly because_______.
A) she was had a difficult life herself
B) there are many problems in Tanzania
C) she has had an easy life herself
D) there are no other women singers
答案与题解：
1. B 本题的问题是：非洲流行音乐的不同之处是什么?由第一段倒数第一句可以得出答案。“It is different also in another way : Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today.” A,D项错误，C项未提及。
2.D 本题的问题是：对于非洲以外的人来说，非洲流行音乐给他们的感觉是什么?从第一段可以得出答案。“The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world , but at the same time is distinctly Afican.”故正确选项为D。
3. A 本题的问题是：全文所提到的音乐家的共同的特点是什么?总览全文可以得出结论。全文通篇在讲有关社会和政治等严肃主题的音乐，故正确答案为A。B,C,D都有明显的错误。
4. C 本题的问题是：Eric Wainaina的成长细节。由第二段可以得出答案。“…and later he moved to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music.” 其余选项均有错误。
5. A 本题的问题是：Witness Mwaijaga 写有关女人的问题的原因是什么?答案在第三段第二句“Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women.”明显可见是她有切身经历。所以正确答案为A。
职称英语考试理工类阅读理解模拟练习
Why So Many Children?
In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia , the population is growing fast . The reason for this is simple : Women in these countries have a high birth rate — from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman . The majority of these women are poor , without the food or resources to care for their families ? The answer may be that they often have no choice . There are several reasons for this .
One reason is economic . In a traditional agricultural economy , large families are helpful .
Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age1. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children , do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy’s economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, the world’s lowest.
However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. Saudi Arabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world. Nevertheless, it also has a very high birth rate(7.0). Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand, are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly, other factors are involved. The most important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.2 This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries. Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down. This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any real chance of success.
词汇：
industrialization / in’d?stri?lai’zei??n/ n. 工业
possibility /p?s?’bil?ti/ n. 可能性，可能发生的事物
effective /i’fektiv/ adj. 有效的，起作用的，实际的
注释：
1. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. 传统的农业经济中，家庭成员数目多是十分有利的。孩子多意味着田里的劳动力多且有人给父母养老。
2. A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women. 高的生育率往往与妇女缺乏教育与社会地位低下相关。
3. These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. 这些趋势表明有效的控制人口的方案并不依赖于良好的经济状况。
练习：
1. In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_______.
A. can be an advantage
B. may limit income
C. isn’t necessary
D. is expensive
2. When countries become industrialized, _______.
A. families often become larger
B. the birth rate generally goes down
C. women usually decide not have a family
D. the population generally grows rapidly
3. According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an _______.
A. agricultural country with a high birth rate
B. agricultural country with a low birth rate
C. industrialized country with a low birth rate
D. industrialized country with a high birth rate
4. Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that _______.
A. the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy
B. factors other than the economy influence birth rate
C. women who have a high income usually have few children
D. the birth rate depends on per capita income
5. In Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia, the government _______.
A. is not concerned about the status of women
B. has tried to industrialize the country rapidly
C. does not allow women to work outside the home
D. has tried to improve the condition of women
答案与题解：
1. A 本题的问题是：在传统的农业经济中，大的家庭的影响是什么?从文中第二段第二句和第三句话可以得出明确的答案。“In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.”所以答案为A，是优势。
2. B 本题的问题是：当国家工业化后，人口和出生率的状况是什么?从第二段意大利的例子可以明确得出答案。“In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War Ⅱ, Italy’s economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.”由此可见出生率降低。
3. C 本题的问题是：本文举出意大利的例子要说明什么?从第二段意大利的前后对比的情况可以看出正确答案为C。
4. B 本题的问题是：文中提到沙特阿拉伯的例子说明了什么?由第三段开头可知“However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.”下面将要介绍其他的因素，之后以沙特阿拉伯为例。故正确答案为B。经济以外影响出生率的因素。
5. D本题的问题是：墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的政府采取了怎样的措施?从文中第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries. Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可以得出结论。另一方面从第四段开头也可以得出结论。“The most important of these is the condition of women.”之后举出这几个国家的例子，从而也可以得出结论。
英语考试理工类完形填空练习
An Intelligent Car(智能汽车)
Driving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the brain. Many human drivers have all these and can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself?
There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has “eyes”, “brains”, “hands” and “feet”, too. The minicameras on each side of the car are his “eyes”, which observe the road conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the car’s left and right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver’s “brain”. His “brain” calculates the speeds of other moving cars near it and analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right path for the intelligent car, and gives instructions to the “hands” and “feet” to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car.
What is the virtual driver’s best advantage? He reacts quickly. The minicameras are sending images continuously to the “brain.” It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world’s best driver at least needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second.
The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident rate considerably on expressways. In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time and in amy place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited . He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.
智能汽车
开车需要目光锐利、耳朵灵敏、反应敏捷和手脑间的协作。许多人类司机这些条件部具备，并可控制一辆急速行驶的汽车，但一辆智能车如何进行自控?
智能车中有一位虚拟驾驶员。这位司机同样有“眼”，有“脑”，有“手”，有“脚”。车两侧的微摄头就是他的眼，负责观察车前方的路况。他们注意着车两侧的交通情况，车中也有高度自动化的驾驶系统。这就是内置的电脑，也就是虚拟司机的大脑。这个大脑计算出车近旁正在运动车辆的速度，并分析它们的位置。基于这些信息，它为智能车选择昀佳路径，并给出指示以让手脚做出相应运动。通过这样的方式，虚拟司机就对车辆实行了控制。
虚拟司机的昀大优点是什么?他的反应速度很快。微摄头不断向“大脑”发送图像数据。他完成图像处理的时间为100毫秒。然而，世界上昀优秀的人类司机也至少需要1秒钟的反应时间。当他作出行动时，又多得一秒。
虚拟司机的确很棒。在高速公路上，他可大大减少事故发生率。鉴于此，我们是否可以让他在任何时间任何地点都驾驶汽车呢?专家们警告说，我们现在还不能这样做。智能车辨别事物的能力还很有限。目前，这种车只能在高速公路上行驶。
职称英语备考指南
阅读理解试题的做题方法我们称之为还原定位法，即把试题准确地在原文中进行定位，找到答案所在的.句子。这种方法的运用有三个步骤：
先看试题，后读原文。
这样做既节省了时间，又提高了做题的效率和准确度。
对试题在原文中的位置进行模糊定位。
因为试题的出题顺序和文章的叙述顺序存在高度的一致性。
对试题在原文中的位置进行准确定位。
对试题在原文中的位置进行准确定位的前提是抓住试题中的标志词和关键词。标志词主要包括①专有名词，是指表示人名、地名和组织机构等的名词，这样的名词在文章中一般都要大写;②表示时间或年代的词;③专业词汇，这样的词汇一般都是比较难懂，一般是我们不认识的词汇。关键词是指表达试题内容的中心词，一般是试题中的名词和名词词组。
下面我们以2005年理工类B级中一篇阅读理解为例，详细解说一下这种方法在实战考试中的运用。
阅读理解
Almost Human?
Scientists are racing to build the world's first thinking robot. This is not science fiction： somesay they will have made it by the year 2020. Carol Packer reports.
Machines that walk， speak and feel are no longer science fiction.Kismet is the name of an android(机器人)which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)。 (31)Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it Can show human emotions.Its eyes，ears and lips move to show when it feels happy， sad or bored.Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids——robots that look like human beings——which Can imitate human feelings. (32) Cog， another android invented by the MIT， imitates the action of a mother. However， scientists admit that So far Cog has the mental ability of a two—year—old.
(33)The optimists(乐观主义者)say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids(机器人)with brains similar to those of all adult human being. These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public. What kind of jobs will they do? (34)In the future， robots like Robonaut， a humanoid invented by NASA， will be doing dangerous jobs， like repairing space stations. They will also be doing more and mom of the household work for us In Japan， scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano.
Some people worry about what the future holds：will robots become monsters(怪物)?Will people themselves become increasingly like robots? Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro—computers，connected to the Internet，in the future.People will have micro—chips in various parts of their body，which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets (小装置)。Perhaps we should not exaggerate(夸大)the importance of technology，but one wonders whether，in years to come，we will still be falling in love，and whether we will still feel pain.Who knows?
31. Kismetis different from traditional robots because
A. it thinks for itself
B. It is not like science fiction
C. it can look after two—year-old.
D. it seems to have human feelings.
解：本题的标志词是Kismet，关键词组是different from traditional robots，我们在文章第二段的第二句话中找到了试题在文章中的位置，细细读这句话。选项D和这句话的意思是最接近的，因为第二句话中有这样一句it Can show human emotions，选项中的feelings和文章中的emotions是同义词替换，这是阅读理解正确项的一个出题原则。因此是正确答案。
32. What makes Cog special?
A. It looks like a mother.
B. It behaves like a child.
C. It can imitate the behavior of a mother.
D. It has a huge brain.
解：本题的标志词是Cog，接着读文章，在文中寻找关于Cog的论述。关于Cog的论述出现在31题所对应的原文的后面，只有两句话，仔细读完这两句话后，我们发现选项C和原文是对应的，只是文中的单词action被替换成了他的同义词behavior，这是职称英语考试中，阅读理解选项设置的一个特点，即同义词替换。
职称英语卫生类概括大意练习题
Compact Disks
1 If someone says to you your music CDs don't really hold any music on them,and they only have numbers recorded on them,you may not believe it.In fact,he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers — a digital code.1 The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps on a long spiral track almost five kilometerslong.These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns wide.
2 A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns.The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back.This lets the CD player2 turn the reflected light back into the original code.This means you can hear the original code as music.
3 Digital codes are used with many technologies.E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers.Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes.Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems.Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes.Weather radios also tune in to specific signals using these codes.
4 There are many types of compact disk.One format is called CD-RWs.They can be recorded on and re-recorded on (rewritten on) as you would do with a floppy disk3.Another format is the CD-ROM.The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs.These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear.The clear and dark spots are the digital code.CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc — Read Only
Memory.4 This disk is like a"super"floppy disk that can hold lots of information.One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks.Information is permanently recorded onto it.Computer games and other programs are considered to be CD-ROMs.
5 CDs were first sold to the public in 1982.These CDs still play well and sound fine.Current CDs are expectedto last between 70 to 200 years.Of course,you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them.
6 Science keeps on developing.It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented5 and introduced to the public for music recording.In the meantime,there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs6 and playing your favorite computer games on CD-ROMs.
练习：
1.Paragraphs 1 & 2__________
2.Paragraph 3__________
3.Paragraph 4__________
4.Paragraph 5__________
A Digital Code Has Wide Applications
B Floppy Disks Are Outdated
C CDs Are Durable
D CD's Working Principle Is Explained
E CD-RWs Play Better Than CD-ROWs
F CDs Are of Many Formats
5.One advantage of CD-RWs is that they can like floppy disks.
6.The author predicts it will not before a new technology is invented for music recording.
7.The laser beam-emitting device and the receiver are considered to of a CD player.
8.Space probes could not without using digital codes.
A shine on bumps
B take many more years
C be the key parts
D restore the original code
E be written on and rewritten on
F keep contact with their ground station efficiently
答案与题解：
1.D第一、二段介绍了 CD的工作原理。声音以数码的形式刻录到CD磁片上。要想听声音，就得用CD放机，CD机用激光照射CD，接收机接收和分析从 CD反射回来的激光波，还原为原来的数码，再转换为原来的声音。所以，D是答案。
2.A 第三段第一句“ Digital codes are used with many technologies.”是主题句。本段其他句子提供例证，即应用领域。作者列举了 5个领域：电邮、航天通讯、条码、手机和天气预报。选项 A的“Digital code has wide applications”与主题句的意思完全吻合，所以是答案。
3.F 第四段第一句：“ There are many types of compact disks.”是主题句。本段其他句子列举了两种常用的CD格式(format)：一种是CD-RW，另一种是 CD-ROM.选项F的“CDs are of many formats”概括了本段的大意，是答案。
4.C 第五段说的是CD碟片经久耐用，1982年上市的CD碟片至今还能使用，其音质依旧。现在上市的CD，更加耐用，如果使用得当，其寿命可达70～200年。选项 C用了durable予以概括是很恰当的，所以，C是答案。
5.E 第四段中出现CD-RW这个词，介绍了“ They can be recorded on and re-recorded on (rewritten on)。这就是选E的依据。
6.B 第六段能找到与答案有关的句子，但 It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented and introduced to the public for music recording.
7.C 第二段说到在CD机上还原数码时依靠的是激光发射装置和按收器。由此我们可以推论出激光发射器和接收器是CD机的主要部件。所以C是答案。
8.F 第三段第三句“ Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes.”是选F的依据。
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