加热炉多参数检测和炉温控制技术
摘 要
在工业生产中，电流、电压、温度、压力、流量、流速和开关量都是常用的主要被控参数。其中，温度控制也越来越重要。在工业生产的很多领域中，人们都需要对各类加热炉、热处理炉、反应炉和锅炉中的温度进行检测和控制。采用单片机对温度进行控制不仅具有控制方便、简单和灵活性大等优点，而且可以大幅度提高被控温度的技术指标，从而能够大大的提高产品的质量和数量。因此，单片机对温度的控制问题是一个工业生产中经常会遇到的控制问题。
单片机是一种集CPU、RAM、ROM、I/O接口和中断系统等部分于一体的器件，只需要外加电源和晶振就可实现对数字信息的处理和控制。因此，单片机广泛用于现代工业控制中。
本论文侧重介绍“单片机温度控制系统”的软件设计及相关内容。论文的主要内容包括：采样、滤波、键盘、LED显示系统，加热控制系统，单片机MCS-51的开发以及系统应用软件开发等。作为控制系统中的一个典型实验设计，单片机温度控制系统综合运用了微机原理、自动控制原理、模拟电子技术、数字控制技术、键盘显示技术等诸多方面的知识，是对所学知识的一次综合测试。
关键词：MCS-51;8051;温度控制;PID
ABSTRACT
With scientific constant progress, in industrial production, electric current, voltage, temperature, pressure are mainly commonly used. especially in the heat treatment industry, the accurate test and controlling of temperature is very important. In a lot of fields, for example: In metallurgical industry, chemical production, power engineering, machine manufactures, food processing, family and industry heat etc. people need to heating furnace, heat-treatment furnace and all kinds of response stove and boiler temperature measure and control, through software design, to reach the intelligent control finally and realize the interactive function.
Adopt Single-Chip Microcomputer is it control convenient, simple, flexibility advantage such as being heavy to have not merely to control to go on to temperature to come, and can raise by technical indicator not to accuse of temperature by a large margin, thus can big improvement quality and the quantity of products. So the control problem to the temperature of Single-Chip Microcomputer is the control problem constantly be able to encounter in the industry manufacture.
This thesis introduces the design and debugging of “the temperature control system by microcomputer”. As a typical experimental design in control system, it uses much control knowledge and comprehensively tests student’s ability in control system.
The content of this thesis mainly includes: introduces, filtering ware, keyboard, man-computer dialogue supported by LED indication, heat control method, the development of micro-computer MCS-51 and systemic applied software.
Key words：MCS-51, 8051, temperature control, PID
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