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考研英语阅读真题句子解析
在日复一日的学习、工作或生活中，大家都经常接触到句子吧，从表达的角度说，句子是最基本的表述单位。那么问题来了，到底什么样的句子才经典呢？下面是小编精心整理的考研英语阅读真题句子解析，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
考研英语阅读真题句子解析 1
The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
译文：作为环境研究的先驱者，斯坦福大学的Paul Ehrlich认为，科学的真正的'敌人是那些对全球变暖、臭氧层稀薄和工业发展带来的其他后果表示怀疑的人。
分析：这个句子主语和谓语成了类似插入语的成分，插在了句子中间，表明的是发表这个观点的是什么人(姓名与身份)。而该句的主要内容在于argue所跟的宾语从句。这个宾语从句中的宾语those有一个who引导的较长的定语从句，其中who是主语，question是谓语，the evidence是宾语，宾语后面跟的现在分词短语修饰的是evidence，这个现在分词supporting后面跟了三个并列宾语。
考研英语阅读真题句子解析 2
People often complain that plastics are too durable. [1]
翻译：人们经常抱怨塑料过于耐用。
1. that plastics are too durable. 是that引导的从句，作complain的宾语。
2.be durable 耐穿；耐用。
Water bottles, shopping bags, and other trash litter the planet, from Mount Everest to the Mariana Trench, because plastics are everywhere and dont break down easily. [2]
翻译：从珠穆朗玛峰到马里亚纳海沟，水瓶、购物袋，以及其他垃圾遍布全球，这是由于塑料品随处可见，且不易降解。
1. water bottle 水瓶，水壶。
2. shopping bag 购物袋。
3. from Mount Everest to the Mariana Trench, 介词短语作地点状语。
4. Mount Everest 珠穆朗玛峰，喜马拉雅山脉的主峰。
5. Mariana Trench, 马里亚纳海沟，位于菲律宾东部、马里亚纳群岛附近的太平洋海底。
6. because plastics are everywhere and dont break down easily. 是because引导的原因状语从句。
7. break down 分解；发生故障；失败。
But some plastic materials change over time. [3]
翻译：但是一些塑料会随着时间而改变。
1. plastic material 塑性材料，塑料。
2. over time 随着时间。
They crack and frizzle. [4]
翻译：他们开裂和卷曲。
They "weep" out additives. [5]
翻译：它们“渗出”添加剂。
1. weep out 哭着说出；流出液体。
They melt into sludge. [6]
翻译：它们融化成烂泥。
1. melt into 化为；溶解成；融化。
All of which creates huge headaches for institutions, such as museums, trying to preserve culturally important objects. [7]
翻译：所有这些都给博物馆等机构带来了巨大的难题，它们试图保存重要文物。
1. which代指前面句子描述的内容。
2. such as museums, 是such as引导的同位语，对institutions作解释说明。
3. trying to preserve culturally important objects. 现在分词短语作定语，修饰institutions。
4. try to do sth 尽量去做某事；试着做某事。
5. important object 重要目标；重要对象。
The variety of plastic objects at risk is dizzying: early radios, avant-garde sculptures, celluloid animation stills from Disney films, the first artificial heart. [8]
翻译：面临危险的塑料种类繁多，令人眼花缭乱：早期收音机、前卫的雕塑作品、迪士尼电影中的电影动画照片，以及第一个人造心脏。
1. the variety of …的多样性；…的种类。
2. plastic object 塑料制品；塑料物质。
3. at risk, 介词短语作定语，修饰plastic objects。
4. 冒号后面内容对前文作补充说明。
5. avant-garde 前卫的。
6. celluloid animation 赛璐珞动画；电影动画。
7. from Disney films, 介词短语作定语，修饰celluloid animation stills。
8. artificial heart 人工心脏。
Certain artifacts are especially vulnerable because some pioneers in plastic art didnt always know how to mix ingredients properly, says Thea van Oosten, a polymer chemist who, until retiring a few years ago, worked for decades at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands. [9]
翻译：一位在荷兰文化遗产机构工作了数十年，直到前几年才退休的高分子化学家Thea van Oosten说道，某些工艺品特别容易受到伤害，因为一些塑料艺术的先驱并不总是知道如何正确地混合配料。
1. says /Thea van Oosten, 是谓语/主语，前面的句子作says的宾语。
2. because some pioneers in plastic art didnt always know (how...),是because引导的原因状语从句。
3. in plastic art, 介词短语作定语，修饰some pioneers。
4. plastic art 造型艺术；塑料艺术。
5. how to mix ingredients properly, 是how+to do不定式短语作know的宾语。
6. a polymer chemist (who...), 作Thea van Oosten的同位语，对其解释说明。
7. polymer chemist 高分子化学家。
8. who, (until...), worked for decades at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands. 是who引导的定语从句，修饰polymer chemist。
9. until retiring a few years ago, 介词短语作时间状语。
10. for decades 数十年来；几十年来。
11. Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands 荷兰文化遗产局。
"Its like baking a cake: If you dont have exact amounts, it goes wrong," she says. [10]
翻译：她说：“这就像烤蛋糕：如果你没有精确的用量，就会出错。”
1. she says. 是主语和谓语，前面双引号内的引语作says的宾语。
2. bake a cake 烘蛋糕；烤蛋糕。
3. 引语中冒号后面的句子对前文作补充说明；其中If you dont have exact amounts, 是if引导的条件状语从句。
4. go wrong 发生故障；搞错；出毛病。
"The object you make is already a time bomb." [11]
翻译：“你做的东西已经是一个定时炸弹了。”
1. 双引号内容是引语，作上一句says的宾语。
2. you make, 是that引导的定语从句，修饰The object。
3. time bomb 定时炸弹。
And sometimes, its not the artists fault. [12]
翻译：有时候，这并不是艺术家们的错。
In the 1960s, the Italian artist Picro Gilardi began to create hundreds of bright, colorful foam pieces. [13]
翻译：20世纪60年代，意大利艺术家Picro Gilardi开始创作数百件明亮的'、华美的泡沫作品。
1. In the 1960s, 介词短语作时间状语。
2. Picro Gilardi, 意大利视觉艺术家。
3. begin to do sth 开始做某事。
4. hundreds of 数以百计的；许许多多的。
5. foam piece 泡沫作品。
Those pieces included small beds of roses and other items as well as a few dozen "nature carpets"--large rectangles decorated with foam pumpkins, cabbages, and watermelons. [14]
翻译：这些作品包括小玫瑰床和其他物件，以及几十条“自然地毯”——用泡沫的南瓜、卷心菜和西瓜装饰的大矩形地毯。
1. bed of roses 玫瑰床；安乐窝；舒适的生活。
2. as well as, 连接small beds of roses and other items和a few dozen "nature carpets", 并列作宾语。
3. a few dozen 几十个。
4. 破折号后面内容对nature carpets作补充说明。
5. decorated with foam pumpkins, cabbages, and watermelons. 过去分词短语作定语，修饰large rectangles。
6. decorate with 用…装饰。
He wanted viewers to walk around on the carpets--which meant they had to be durable. [15]
翻译：他希望观众们能在地毯上四处走动——这意味着它们必须耐用。
1. to walk around, 是to do不定式短语作wanted的补语。
2. walk around 四处走动。
3. on the carpets, 介词短语作地点状语。
4. --which meant (...). 破折号后面句子是which引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰前面的句子内容。
5. they had to be durable. 是省略引导词的从句，作meant的宾语。
6. be durable 耐穿；耐用。
Unfortunately, the polyurethane foam he used is inherently unstable. [16]
翻译：不幸的是，他使用的聚氨酯泡沫塑料本身就不稳定。
1. polyurethane foam 聚氨酯泡沫塑料。
2. he used, 是省略引导词的定语从句，修饰the polyurethane foam。
Its especially vulnerable to light damage, and by the mid-1990s, Gilardis pumpkins, roses, and other figures were splitting and crumbling. [17]
翻译：它特别容易受到光照损伤，到20世纪90年代中期，Gilardi的南瓜、玫瑰和其他雕像都在开裂和破碎。
1. and（第一个and）连接两个并列句。
2. be vulnerable to 易受…；易于患上…。
3. light damage 光损伤；轻度破坏。
4. by the mid-1990s, 介词短语作时间状语。
Museums locked some of them away in the dark. [18]
翻译：博物馆把他们其中一部分锁藏在暗处。
1. lock away 藏起来；把…关进。
2. some of 其中一些；一部分。
So van Oosten and her colleagues worked to preserve Gilardis sculptures. [19]
翻译：因此，van Oosten和她的同事们努力保存Gilardi的雕像。
1. work to do sth 努力做某事；致力于做某事。
They infused some with stabilizing and consolidating chemicals. [20]
翻译：他们给一些作品灌入了可以起到稳定和加固作用的化学物质。
1. infuse with 灌输；注入。
2. stabilizing and consolidating 稳定和加固的。
Van Oosten calls those chemicals "sunscreens" because their goal was to prevent further light damage and rebuild worn polymer fibers. [21]
翻译：Van Oosten把这些化学物质称为“遮光剂”，因为它们的目的是防止进一步的光照损伤，并复原磨损的聚合物纤维。
1. because their goal was to prevent further light damage and rebuild worn polymer fibers. 是because引导的原因状语从句。
2. to prevent further light damage, 是to do不定式短语作表语。
3. light damage 光损伤；轻度破坏。
4. polymer fiber 聚合物纤维。
She is proud that several sculptures have even gone on display again, albeit sometimes beneath protective cases. [22]
翻译：让她感到自豪的是，一些雕像甚至已经再次公开展出，尽管有时处在保护罩之下。
1. that several sculptures have even gone on display again, (albeit...), 是that引导的从句，作proud的宾语（形容词宾语从句）。
2. on display 陈列，展览，公开展出。
3. albeit sometimes beneath protective cases. 是介词短语作让步状语。
4. protective case 保护罩；保护套。
Despite success stories like van Oostens, preservation of plastics will likely get harder. [23]
翻译：尽管有像van Oosten这样的成功案例，但塑料的保存可能会变得更加困难。
1. Despite success stories (like...), 介词短语作让步状语。
2. like van Oostens, 介词短语作定语，修饰success stories。
3. success story 成功的人或事物；成功故事；成功案例。
4. preservation of …的保存；…的保护。
Old objects continue to deteriorate. [24]
翻译：旧物件还在持续损坏。
1. old objects 旧物；旧东西；古老物品。
2. continue to do sth 继续做某事。
Worse, biodegradable plastics designed to disintegrate, are increasingly common. [25]
翻译：更糟的是，被设计用于可分解的生物降解塑料越来越普遍。
1. biodegradable plastic 可生物降解塑料。
2. designed to disintegrate, 过去分词短语作定语，修饰biodegradable plastics。
3. be designed to 被设计用于；目的是。
And more is at stake here than individual objects. [26]
翻译：比起单个制品，还有更多制品正处于危急关头。
1. more, 这里是代词，代指individual object之类的更多东西。
2. at stake 在危险中；在危急关头。
3. than individual objects. 介词短语作比较状语。
4. individual object 单个对象；单个物品。
Joana Lia Ferreira, an assistant professor of conservation and restoration at the NOVA School of Science and Technology, notes that archaeologists first defined the great material ages of human history--Stone Age, Iron Age, and so on--after examining artifacts in museums. [27]
翻译：在审查了博物馆中的人工制品之后，NOVA科学技术学院保护与修复学助理教授Joana Lia Ferreira指出，考古学家首先将人类历史定义为伟大的材料时代——石器时代、铁器时代等等。
1. an assistant professor of conservation and restoration at the NOVA School of Science and Technology, 作Joana Lia Ferreira的同位语，对其解释说明。
2. assistant professor 助理教授。
3. conservation and restoration 保护与修复。
4. that archaeologists first defined the great material ages of human history...(after...), 是that引导的从句，作notes的宾语。
5. of human history, 介词短语作定语，修饰the great material ages。
6. human history 人类历史。
7. --Stone Age, Iron Age, and so on--, 破折号内容对the great material ages of human history作补充说明。
8. Stone Age 石器时代。
9. Iron Age 铁器时代。
10. and so on 等等；诸如此类。
11. after examining artifacts in museums. 介词短语作时间状语。
We now live in an age of plastic, she says, "and what we decide to collect today, what we decide to preserve...will have a strong impact on how in the future well be seen." [28]
翻译：她说：“我们现在生活在一个塑料的时代，我们今天决定收集的东西，我们决定保护的东西...将对未来如何看待我们产生重大影响。”
1. she says, 是主语和谓语，其余句子作says的宾语；其中宾语从句中and连接两个并列句。
2. age of …的时代。
3. what we decide to collect today /what we decide to preserve, 是两个what引导的从句，作主语。
4. decide to do sth 决定做某事。
5. have impact on 对…有影响。
6. how (in...) well be seen.", 是how引导的从句，作on的宾语。
7. in the future, 介词短语作时间状语。
考研英语阅读真题句子解析 3
Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. [1]
翻译：Gant Redmon律师去年年底找工作时，偶然在互联网上发现了一个职业数据库——“CareerBuilder”。
1. Hunting for a job late last year,现在分词短语作时间状语。
2. hunt for搜寻，寻找。
3. (late) last year,作时间状语。
4. stumble across偶然发现。
5. a job database,作CareerBuilder的同位语，对其解释说明。
6. job database工作数据库；求职数据库。
7. on the Internet.介词短语作地点状语。
He searched it with no success but was attracted by the sites "personal search agent". [2]
翻译：虽然他没有搜索到合适的工作，但却被这个网站的“个人搜索代理”所吸引。
1. but连接两个并列句，其中第二个并列句省略主语he。
2. with no success,介词短语作结果状语，意思是：with no success。
3. be attracted by被…吸引。
4. personal search agent个人搜索代理。
Its an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. [3]
翻译：它具有一种互动性的特征，可以让访问者键入求职条件，比如地点、头衔和薪水，当一个合适的职位在数据库里发布时，它就会给他们发邮件。
1.该句子的主干为：Its an interactive feature (that...)。
2. interactive feature交互特征；互动特征。
3. that lets..., then E-mails...(when...),其中that引导的定语从句，修饰interactive feature。
4. let sb do sth让某人做某事。
5. key in键入；嵌上；打入。
6. job criteria工作标准。
7. such as location, title, and salary,是介词短语作定语，修饰job criteria。
8. E-mail发电子邮件；电子邮件。
9. when a matching position is posted in the database.是when引导的时间状语从句。
10. matching position匹配的位置；合适的职位。
11. in the database,介词短语作地点状语。
Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. [4]
翻译：Redmon挑选一些关键词，如法律、知识产权和华盛顿哥伦比亚特区。
1. legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C.作the keywords的同位语，对其举例说明。
2. intellectual property知识产权；著作权。
Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. [5]
翻译：三周后，他收到了第一份职位空缺通知。
1. Three weeks later,作时间状语。
2. of an opening.介词短语作定语，修饰notification。
"I struck gold," says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company. [6]
翻译：“我可找到金矿了，” Redmon说，他用电子邮件把简历发给了那位雇主，而且得到了该公司内部法律顾问的职位。
1.双引号内容是引语，作says的宾语。
2. who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.是who引导的定语从句，修饰Redmon。
3. E-mailed and won,并列作定语从句的谓语。
4. E-mail to,发（电子邮件）到…。
5. as in-house counsel,介词短语作position的补语。
6. in-house counsel内部法律顾问。
7. for a company.介词短语作定语，修饰in-house counsel。
With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. [7]
翻译：因特网上与求职相关的网站成千上万，要找到一个有前途的空缺职位需要花很多时间，而且效率低下。
1. With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet,介词短语作伴随状语。
2. thousands of数以千计的…，成千上万的…。
3. career-related与职业相关。
4. on the Internet,介词短语作地点状语。
5. finding promising openings,是动名词短语作主语。
6. time-consuming,耗时的；旷日持久的。
Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. [8]
翻译：搜索代理降低了人们反复访问数据库的必要性。
1. search agent搜索代理。
2. for repeated visits /to the databases.介词短语作定语，修饰the need /repeated visits。
3. the need for …的必要；对…的需求。
4. visit to参观，访问。
But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. [9]
翻译：但是，尽管一个搜索代理对Redmon发挥了作用，职业专家们还是看到了一些缺点。
1. although a search agent worked for Redmon,是although引导的让步状语从句。
2. search agent搜索代理。
3. work for效劳；为…工作；为…效力。
4. career expert职业专家。
Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: "Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility," says one expert. [10]
翻译：例如，缩小你的（工作）标准可能对你不利，“每次你回答一个问题时，你就消除一种可能性，”一位专家说。
1.冒号连接两个并列句。
2. for example例如。
3. Narrowing your criteria,动名词短语作主语。
4. work against对…不利；违背。
5.双引号内容是引语，作says的宾语。
6. Every time you answer a question,是every time引导时间状语从句。
7. answer a question回答一个问题。
8. eliminate a possibility消除一种可能性。
For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept--what you think you want to do--then broaden it. [11]
翻译：寻找任何职业，你都应该从一个狭义的概念开始——你想干什么工作——然后再扩展这个概念。
1. For any job search,介词短语作方面状语。
2. job search寻找工作；职位搜索；工作搜寻。
3. should start和broaden并列作谓语。
4. start with从…开始。
5. narrow concept狭义的概念。
6. --what you think（you want to do）--,破折号内容是what引导的同位语从句，修饰a narrow concept。
7. you want to do,是省略引导词的从句，作think的宾语。
"None of these programs do that," says another expert. [12]
翻译：“没有一个程序做到了这一点，”另一位专家说。
1.双引号内容是引语，作says的宾语。
2. None of都不；没有一个。
"Theres no career counseling implicit in all of this." [13]
翻译：其中没有包含任何职业咨询。
1.双引号内容是引语，请参照上一句话。
2. career counseling职业咨询，事业咨询。
3. implicit in all of this.是形容词+介词短语作定语，修饰career counseling。
Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. [14]
翻译：最好的策略反倒是将这种代理当作一种提示性的服务来使用，提示用户及时了解某个数据库最新的职位信息；当你收到电子邮件时，把它看成是一种再次查看数据库的提醒。
1.分号连接两个并列句。
2. to use the agent as...,是to do不定式短语作表语。
3. use as用作为；把…当作…使用。
4. a kind of一种，一类；某种；有一点。
5. tip service提示服务。
6. to keep abreast of jobs,是to do不定式短语作目的状语。
7. keep abreast of与…并驾齐驱；了解…的最新情况。
8. abreast of保持与…并列。
9. in a particular database,介词短语作定语，修饰jobs。
10. when you get E-mail,是when引导的定语从句。
11. consider it a reminder to check the database again.第二个并列句的主句，是个do型祈使句。
12. to check the database again,是to do不定式短语作定语，修饰a reminder。
"I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me," says the author of a job-searching guide. [15]
翻译：“我不会指望（搜索）代理找出数据库中所有可能令我感兴趣的信息，”一本求职指导书的作者说。
1.双引号内容是引语，作says的宾语。
2. rely on依靠，依赖。
3. for finding everything (that...),是介词短语作目的状语。
4. that is added to a database (that...),是that引导的定语从句，修饰everything。
5. be added to被增加到；被加入到。
6. that might interest me,是that引导的定语从句，修饰a database。
7. of a job-searching guide.是介词短语作定语，修饰the author。
8. job-searching求职。
Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. [16]
翻译：一些网站自己设计代理（系统），以吸引求职者的回访。
1. to tempt job hunters to return.是to do不定式短语作目的状语。
2. tempt to试图。
When CareerSites agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs--those it considers the best matches. [17]
翻译：例如，当CareerSite的代理给那些注册服务的人发送信息留言时，代理只包含了三个潜在的职位——那些被认为最匹配的职位。
1. When CareerSites agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service,是when引导的时间状语从句。
2. send out to派出去；发出去。
3. who have signed up for its service,是who引导的`定语从句，修饰those。
4. sign up for注册，选课；报名参加。
5. for example例如。
6. --those it considers the best matches.破折号内容是those引导的定语从句，修饰three potential jobs。
7. best match最佳匹配。
There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them--and they do. [18]
翻译：数据库中或许还有更多匹配信息；求职者必须再次浏览网站才能看到它们——而他们也确实这样做了。
1.分号连接两个并列句；第二个并列句中由--and连接两个并列句。
2. in the database,介词短语作定语，修饰matches。
3. job-hunter求职者；找工作的人。
4. to find them,是to do不定式短语作目的状语。
"On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic," says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite. [19]
翻译：CareerSite的市场部副总裁Seth Peets说，“在我们发出信息的第二天，我们发现网站流量急剧增加。”
1.双引号内容是引语，作says的宾语。
2. On the day after we send our messages,是介词短语作时间状语。
3. after we send our messages,是after引导的定语从句，修饰the day。
4. sharp increase急剧上升；飞涨。
5. in our traffic,介词短语作定语，修饰a sharp increase。
6. vice president of marketing for CareerSite.作Seth Peets的同位语，对其解释说明。
7. vice president副总统；副主席；副总裁。
8. of marketing.介词短语作定语，修饰vice president。
9. vice president of marketing 市场部副总裁。
10. for CareerSite.介词短语作定语，修饰vice president of marketing。
Even those who arent hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. [20]
翻译：即使那些并不需要找工作的人也觉得搜索代理很有用。
1. who arent hunting for jobs,是who引导的定语从句，修饰those。
2. hunt for搜寻，寻找。
3. search agent搜索代理。
Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. [21]
翻译：有的人通过它们密切关注市场对自身行业的需求，或者搜集报酬待遇方面的信息，以便协商加薪时更有底气。
1.该句子的主干为：Some use them (to keep...or gather...)；其中or连接两个并列的to do不定式短语（第二个省略了to）作目的状语。
2. keep a close watch on密切注意，关注。
3. for their line of work,介词短语作定语，修饰the demand。
4. line of work行业、行当。
5. gather information搜集信息。
6. on compensation,介词短语作定语，修饰information。
7. to arm themselves,是to do不定式短语作目的状语。
8. arm oneself武装自己。
9. when negotiating for a raise.是when引导的时间状语。
10. negotiate for a raise协商加薪。
Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. [22]
翻译：Redmon虽然工作的很开心，但他仍继续使用“CareerBuilder”搜索代理。
1. Although happily employed,是although+过去分词短语，作让步状语。
2. at CareerBuilder. 介词短语作定语，修饰his agent。
"You always keep your eyes open," he says. [23]
翻译："你总是留意一切，"他说。
1.双引号内容是引语，作says的宾语。
2. keep your eyes open睁开眼睛；睁大眼睛；留意。
Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you. [24]
翻译：使用私人搜索代理就意味着有另一双眼睛在帮你留意。
1. Working with a personal search agent,是动名词短语作主语。
2. work with与…共事；对…有效。
3. search agent搜索代理。
4. having another set of eyes,是动名词短语作宾语。
5. set of一套。
6. looking out for you.是现在分词短语作定语，修饰eyes。
7. look out for留心，提防；留意找，设法得到。