2016年6月英语四级考试押题带答案
60. The fast food chains began to flourish with __
[A] the development of the shopping malls
[B] the development of the superhighways
[C] the beginning of fast food chain franchises
[D] the change of Americans’ lifestyles
61. The main topic of the passage is __
[A] the beginning of fast food chains
[B] the changes of Americans’ eating customs
[C] the transformation of lifestyles
[D] the dieting of the American people
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Car crashes are the leading cause of injury and death among U.S. children, and though most of us now think of car seats as standard baby equipment, about half of all children under the age of four who died in vehicle accidents last year were not restrained. It is calculated that only about two-thirds of children aged five to fifteen buckle their seat belts.
Moreover, the traffic-safety agency estimates that even among parents who always strap their children in, 85% are not doing it properly. They often don’t know where best to place the kids, don’t use the proper restraint for their age and weight, or don’t install the safety seats properly. Despite the reports about front seats collapsing onto back seats when certain car models get in accidents, the safest place in the car for any child up to the age of 12 is still the back seat. Babies up to 9 kg and one year old should ride in rear-facing infant seats.
Never place a child under age 12 in the front seat with a working passenger-side air bag. These devices are discharged at 320 km/h and can be triggered by low-speed fender benders. They have killed 77 kids in the U.S. since 1993. If you must place a child in front, make sure the passenger-side bag is switched off.
Children over age one should ride in forward-facing safety seats with a five-point harness system. A child who weighs at least 18 kg or at least lm high can graduate to a booster seat that elevates her so that the standard shoulder and lap belt fits properly.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
62. What does the author mainly discuss in this passage?
[A] How to avoid car crash.
[B] How to design safer baby equipment.
[C] How to educate children properly.
[D] How to properly secure children in the ear. 63. Which of the following is NOT among the "improper ways" mentioned in the passage?
[A] They don’t know where best to place the child.
[B] They don’t have the safety equipment for the child.
[C] They don’t use the proper restraint for the kid’s age and weight.
[D] They don’t install the safety seats properly.
64. Which of the following is the best seat for the children under 12?
[A] Forward-facing seats.
[B] Rear-facing seats.
[C] Front seats.
[D] Back seats.
65. The author indicates that a passenger-side air bag __
[A] might not be dangerous if switched off
[B] is designed for the safety of children
[C] is discharged at 320 km/h and will not triggered by other factors
[D] is not working ifa child sits in the seat
66. What does the word "graduate" (Line 2, Para. 4) mean?
[A] Finish schooling.
[B] Change to something else.
[C] Collapse.
[D] Stand.
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)
Section A
文章精要
睡眠能使人消除疲劳、恢复精力。本文主要介绍不同年龄阶段的人和不同工种的人的睡眠时间，并谈到了人保持清醒的极限时间。
47.A答题时，看见and引导的两个并列句，可知动词时态需一致，且主语为第三人称单数，在备选项中找动词单数形式即可。把选中的A带入原文，意为“睡眠能使人消除疲劳”，符合常识，故选A。
48.C结合句意“一旦醒来，记忆力得到改善，然后就能以更好的_______来看待烦恼和问题”，名词中只有(观点，角度)最符合文意。
49.D所选词需首字母大写，在D、L中选择。上文提到成人每天所需的`睡眠时间为8～10小时左右，由此可推断每天睡眠16～18个小时的应该是未成年人，D符合文意。
50.B结合常识可知，随着年龄的增长，婴儿睡眠的时间(量)逐渐减少，故选项中B(数量)符合文意。
51.G空格所在句主要提到A worker with a ______demanding job和an executive worker(行政工人)在睡眠时间上的对比，由此可推知前者应指体力劳动者，故G(身体上地)最符合文意。
52，I此句差谓语，所以空格处应为动词，且主语都是过世的人，时态用过去式，故选I。意为“显而易见的是拿破仑、爱迪生和达尔文平均每晚只睡4-6个小时”。
53.H空格处需填一形容词，在H、D之间选择。上文先列举了各类人包括名人的睡眠时间，按照逻辑，这里是说无论你的个人需求跟以上谈到的有何不同，故H符合文意。
54.E结合句意“到那个年纪你也会养成一个睡眠_______：最佳的入眠时间、最喜欢的床、最喜欢的睡姿…”可知，E(习惯，惯例)最符合文意。
55.K分析空格所在句，前半部分和后半部分形成对比关系，且此处应填入连词，选项中只有K符合。
56.F上文提到有关人能坚持多久不睡的调查，由此可推测空格所在句指的是人不睡眠的极限时间，故F符合文意。
Section B
Passage One
文章精要
文章指出，现在美国人很少能全家人坐在一起慢慢地共享晚餐，取而代之的是食用便于加工的半成品食物以及各式快餐。热衷于各类活动，习惯开车，原本是家庭主妇的女性外出工作，这些都是美国人就餐习惯改变的原因。
57.C综合推断题。文章首段指出，美国人精力充沛，总是四处奔忙，赶着赴一个又一个约会，赶着参加各种活动。他们没有时间精心准备饭菜，也没时间悠闲地吃饭，许多家庭很少坐在一起吃晚饭。为了参加俱乐部和社团活动，他们常胡乱地吃口饭，由此推断，美国人有许多事要做，因此无法悠闲地吃精心准备的饭菜，故选C。
58.A综合推断题。文章第二段指出，美国成为快餐的消费大国;第三段指出，巨大的转变是在“二战”后发生的，当时许多女性开始做全职工作，在家与家人共处的时间减少了，她们想在做好家庭主妇的同时尽好职业女性的本分，因此要合理地利用时间，由此推断，自从大量女性开始做全职工作，原本的主妇不再有时间做饭，所以美国人经常食用快餐，故选A。
59.D综合推断题。文章第四段指出，在女性开始工作的同时，家庭娱乐的重心由收音机转向了电视，没人愿意错过自己喜爱的电视节目，因此吃晚餐的地点由饭厅转换到了起居室，由此推断，美国人开始在起居室吃饭是由于电视的吸引，故选D。
60.B信息明示题。文章最后一段第三句指出，随着高速公路的发展，美国出现了快餐连锁店，由此可知，快餐连锁店的繁荣发展是伴随着高速公路的发展而进行的，故选B。
61.B主旨题。文章首段指出，美国人现在四处奔忙，很少有时间悠闲地享用家里做的饭菜;第二段提到，他们在家通常吃方便食品;第三段指出，美国人饮食习惯的转变是由于“二战”后女性开始做全职工作;第四、五段指出，随着电视的流行，又出现了适合边看电视边吃的速冻快餐;最后一段指出，随着高速公路的发展，快餐连锁店开始繁荣起来。综合可知，文章的主题是美国人饮食习惯的转变，故选B。
Passage Two
文章精要
在美国，造成儿童车祸死亡的一大原因是他们没有受到适当的保护。文章论述了应该如何根据儿童的年龄、体重、身高等正确使用安全座椅或安全带以保护他们在车里的安全。
62.D主旨题。文章指出，造成儿童车祸死亡的一大原因是他们没有受到适当的保护，文章还介绍了如何根据儿童的年龄、体重、身高等正确使用安全座椅或安全带以保护他们在车中的安全，所以D正确。 63.B信息明示题。文章第二段第二句指出，家长通常不知道让孩子坐哪里最好，或是他们没有用适合孩子的安全带，或是安全座椅安装得不正确，即A、C、D都是不恰当的行为，但并没有提及B项，故选B。
64.D信息明示题。文章第二段最后指出，the safest place in the car for any child up to the age of 12 is still the back seat，即12岁以下的孩子应该坐车后座，所以D正确。
65.A综合推断题。文章第三段最后一句指出，如果你不得不让孩子坐车前座，你就必须关掉前座旁的安全气囊，由此推断，关掉后的安全气囊对孩子应该没有危险，所以A正确。
66.B语义题。文章最后一段指出，“体重超过18公斤或高于1米的孩子可以_______儿童增高座椅。”选项中A意为“毕业”，B意为“改换”，C意为“倒塌”，D意为“站立”，只有B符合句意，为答案。
Part V Cloze (15 minutes )
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [ A ], I B 1, [ C 1 and I D ] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the 67 of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to 68 down. But relaxation is essential for a 69 mind and body.
Stress is natural part of everyday life and there is no way to 70 it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often 71 to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide 72 and give purpose to life. It is only 73 the stress gets out of control that it can lead to 74 performance and ill health.
The amount of stress arsons can withstand depends very much 75 the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and 76 characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose 77 at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When 78 to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and 79 .
In fact we make choice between "flight and fight" and in more primitive days the choices made the difference __8_0_life and death. The crises we meet today are ~8_1__ to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it 82 the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued 83 to stress, that health becomes 84 Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart diseases have 85 links with stress. Since we cannot 86 stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.
67. [A] routine [B] habit [C] principle [D] rule
68. [A] slow [B] count [C] hold [D] knock
69. [A] basic [B] wealthy [C] healthy [D] potential
70. [A] avoid [B] manifest [C] surpass [D] pursue
71. [A] suspected [B] surrendered [C] suspended [D] supposed
72. [A] consideration [B] confidence [C] motivation [D] inspiration
73. [A] when [B] which [C] why [D] what
74. [A] prevalent [B] poor [C] primary [D] productive
75. [A] to [B] at [C] in [D] on
76. [A] such [B] as [C] so [D] thus
77. [A] eyesight [B] heart [C] direction [D] interest
78. [A] promised [B] encouraged [CJexposed [D] propelled
79. [A] biochemically [B] physically [C] spiritually [D] materially
80. [A} between [B] among [C] alike [D] into
81. [A] unalike [B] unaware [C] unlikely [D] unknown
82. [A] concludes [B] excludes [C] dissolves [D] involves
83. [A] explosion [B] exposure [C] extension [D] expansion
84. [A] endangered [B] inspired [C] harmful [D] frustrated
85. [A] established [B] created [C] constructed [D] built
86. [A] isolate [B] apart [C] refrain [D] remove
Part Ⅴ Cloze
文章精要
文章指出，随着生活节奏的不断加快，人们越来越失去放松的快感。压力是生活中自然的一部分，而且无法避免。一定的压力会提供动机并赋予生命意义，但压力过度会对身体造成不良的影响。既然我们不能消灭压力，那么我们就需要找到一些减压的方法。
67.B词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：一旦你处于这种忙于生活奔波、早晚马不停蹄的______中……。habit符合句意，所以B正确。routine意为“例行公事，常规”;principle意为“原则;原理”。
68.A词义辨析题。文章首句就指出，现在的生活节奏不断加快，空格后是down，由此可知，空格所在句意是：……很难慢下来。所以A正确。
69.C词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：但是放松对于_______的精神和身体是基本的。healthy符合句意，所以C正确。potential意为“潜在的;可能的”。
70.A词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：压力是每天生活中很自然的一部分，并且无法去______它。avoid符合句意，所以A正确。manifest意为“表明;出现”;surpass意为“超越，胜过”;pursue意为“追赶;从事”。71.D惯用搭配题。空格所在句意为：事实上，这并不像它经常_________的那样是个坏事。be supposed to do表示“应该，被期望”，符合句意，所以D正确。suspect意为“猜想;怀疑”;surrender意为“投降;放弃”; suspend意为“悬挂;延缓”。
72.C词义辨析题。空格后的and说明provide_______和give purpose to life相并列。再看选项，能与“赋予生命意义”相并列的只有“提供动机”，所以C正确。
73.A逻辑衔接题。空格所在句意为：只有在压力失控_______，才能导致……when符合句意，所以A正确。
74.B，词义辨析题。由and可以看出_______performance和ill health并列，poor符合句意，所以B正确。 prevalent意为“普遍的，流行的”;primary意为“主要的;初级的”。
75.D惯用搭配题。选项中能与depend搭配的只有on，表示“依赖;取决于”，所以D正确。
76.A词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：一些人不害怕压力，而且________性格很显然是管理责任的主要因素。由and可知，空格后的“性格”就是指前面“不害怕压力的性格”，所以such符合句意，A正确。
77.B词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：其他人刚遇到不常见的困难就失去_________。heart符合句意，lose heart意思是“失去勇气”，所以B正确。eyesight意为“视力”。
78.C词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：当_____不管是什么样的压力时，我们……exposed符合句意，所以C正确。be exposed to意思是“遭受，暴露于……”。propel意为“推进，驱使”。
79.B词义辨析题。由空格前的both…and…可知，空格和chemically是并列关系，physically符合句意，所以B正确。
80.A惯用搭配题。由句意可知，空格处表示在生和死之间做出选择，between表示“在……之间”，用于两者之间;among表示“在……之中”，用于三者或以上的情况，所以A正确。
81.C逻辑衔接题。空格所在句意为：我们今天遇到的危机________会这么极端，但是……。选项中都有否定前缀un-，由此可知，空格处表示否定，只有unlikely符合句意，所以C正确。
82.D词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：……但是，不管压力多么小，它都_______同样的反应。四个选项A“结论”、B“排除”、C“解散”、D“包括”，只有involves符合句意，所以D正确。
83.B词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：……通过对压力的不断，四个选项：A“爆炸”、B“暴露”、C“延长”、D“扩展”，只有exposure符合句意，所以B正确。
84.A词义辨析题。由前面提到的“持续暴露在压力之下”可知，这肯定会使健康受到威胁，所以endangered符合句意，A正确。inspired意为“有灵感的”;frustrated意为“失败的，落空的”。
85.A词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：这些像高血压、心脏病等危险的情况都和压力有________的联系。由此可知，空格处应该是建立起联系。create指创造;construct指通过装配或组合部件而构成;build指通过组合材料或部分而形成;establish符合句意，所以A正确。
86.D词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：既然我们不能把压力从我们生活中(即使我们能，这样做也很不明智)，我们需要找出处理它的方法。四个选项分别为：A“隔离”、B“分开的”、C“制止”、D“除去”，只有remove符合句意，所以D正确。
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上;请在答题卡2上作答。
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
87.But for the assistance from the government，__________________ (这家公司可能已经在经济危机中倒闭了).
88.The team seemsto__________________ (失去了竞争优势)recently because of the injury of its leading player.
89.He speaks English well indeed，but__________________ (当然没有像本国人说的那么流利).
90.__________________ (我本该昨天离开北京)，but I didn’t because of somethingemergency.
91.That is__________________(我所读过的最有趣的书之一).
Part Ⅵ Translation
87.the company would have gone bankrupt during the economic crisis
本题考查虚拟语气的用法。But for意为“要不是……”，与虚拟语气连用，作用等同于条件状语从句，当表示与过去事实相反时，从句中要用had+过去分词结构，主句中则用would/should/could/might+have+过去分词，本句是与过去事实相反的假设，“倒闭”可译成go bankrupt，“经济危机”可译成economic crisis，由此得到答案the company would have gone bankrupt during the economic crisis。
88.have lost its competitive advantage/edge
本题考查动词不定式的完成时用法。句中的时间状语recently说明动作已经完成，因此要用完成时。“竞争优势”可译成competitive advantage或者competitive edge，故可得答案have lost its competitive advantage/edge。
89.of course not as fluently as a native speaker
考查省略句和as…as结构的用法。“当然”可译成of course，“和……一样”可译成as…as，“流利”是副词，可译成fluently，“本国人”可译成a native speaker，所以“当然没有像本国人说的那么流利”即可译成of course he does not speak English as fluently as a native speaker does，英语句中，如果句子前后有一致的主语和谓语，为了避免重复，通常会省掉重复的部分，由此得到答案。 90.I should have left Beijing yesterday 表示“本应……，但实际上却没有”可译为should have done的结构。
91.one of the most interesting books that I have read “最有趣的书之一”可译作0ne of the most interesting books，“我所读过的”可译作后置的定语从句，注意由于先行词前有最高级修饰，所以关系代词只能用that而不能用which。
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