英语虚拟语气习题
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
高中英语教材中的虚拟语气
1. 表示本打算做什么，结果未能实现，体现遗憾惋惜的心情。常用短语：mean to，intend to，plan to。
例如：I had meant to go on Sunday but have stayed on.
I intended to have helped him, but I was very busy at that time.
2.表示一种相反的条件下会出现什么样的结果。常用or，otherwise引起虚拟语气。
例如：I ran all the way, or I should have been late for school.
I lost your telephone number, otherwise I would have rung you up long before.
3. 为了简化语言，句中暗含一种条件，理解为“要是有，要是没有，要不是”等。常用介语with，without，but for，if only引起虚拟语气。
例如：Without animals and plants, human being would not exist.
Without air(If there were no air ) there would be no living.
But for the storm, we should have had a much happier time.
要不是暴风雨，我们本可以玩得更快乐。
If only he had more courage.
4.表示说话者的一种假设，理解为“好象，比如”。常用连词if，as if，as though等引起虚拟语气。
If I were you, I would go to night school.
They talked as if they had been friends for many years.
5.表示说话者一种委婉的建议和提议。常用It’s time接宾语从句， I’d rather后跟从句。
例如：It’s time you went to school.
It’s high time we did our homework.
I’d rather you went there tomorrow.
6.表示说话者对一种情况的客观、委婉的判断。常用It is important /strange/natural/necessary that…句型来表达。
例如：It’s important that every member (should) inform himself of these rulers.
It’s necessary that he (should) be sent there at once.
It’s very strange that she (should) have left without saying goodbye.
7.表示说话者对过去、现在、将来的一种愿望、希望，常用wish后跟宾语从句。
例如：I wish I knew the answer to the question.
How I wish I were a bird! I wish you would come soon.
8 .在表坚持、命令、建议、要求的动词(或其ed形式)和名词后跟的名词性从句中，体现说话者的一种委婉的提议、建议等。常见动词：insist，suggest，order，propose，command，demand，reguest，desire，require，urge (后跟宾语从句)。
常见名词：insistence，suggestion，proposition，requirement (其中order，demand，request，desire，command既是动词，又是名词)后跟的.名词性从句中要用should +v，should也可以省掉。
例如：I suggest that we (should) set off at one.
The students insisted that they (should) have more. #p#分页标题#e#
It is suggested that we( should) improve our oral English.
9.在状语从句中，说话者表达一种“即使、即便怎样”的语气。
常见用词：Even if (though) as if (though)
例如：Even if Lin Tao were here, I should say the same thing.
Even though he had been ill, he would have gone to his office.
10.在if引导的非真实条件句中，主从句强调一种时间搭配。
例如：
If I had time, I would attend the meeting.(对现在情况的虚拟)
If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.
(对现在情况的虚拟)
If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday.(以上对将来进行虚拟)
还要注意错综时间的虚拟语气。
例如：If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在的情况，主句指过去)
If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now.(从句指过去的情况，主句指现在)
另外，这类从句中如含有should，had，were时，则可将从属连词if省去，将should，had，were放在句首。
例如：Were he in your position, he’d have done the same.
考研英语虚拟语气分析
虚拟语气有不同的体现形式，在考研英语中多个题型中都有体现，既是考研英语学习的难点，也是考生易失分处。在考研英语中命题频率最高的是if虚拟条件句，考生需要掌握其形式及其反映的意义。此外，还有if虚拟条件句的省略倒装句式，以及暗含条件的虚拟语气也是考生学习重点。对其他类型的虚拟语气也要有所了解。对于常见的特殊虚拟语气可以当作固定句式准确记忆。
要点精析
虚拟语气主要是表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。虚拟语气，作为动词的一种表现形式，主要是通过动词的不同时态来体现。主要有以下几种：
1.If引导的虚拟条件句
既可以是真实条件状语从句，也可以是非真实条件状语从句。
(1)表示对现在事实的假设
条件状语从句谓语用过去时，如是谓语动词为be动词时只能用were，主句谓语用should/would/could/might+动词原形。
例：If I were a bird, I could fly out of the world. 如果我是一只鸟，我会飞离这个世界。
(2)表示对过去事实的假设
条件状语从句谓语用过去完成时，主句谓语用should/would/could/might+ have+过去分词的形式。
例：If you had not hurried, you would have missed the train.
考研英语：深度解读虚拟语气
我们知道由if 引导的条件句有两种形式，一种是真实的条件句，也就说是某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是非常高的。
例如
If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.
(如果你想在谈话中用幽默来使人发笑，你就必须知道如何识别共同的经历和共同的'问题。)
另一种就非真实条件句，通过虚拟语气来表达。
例如
I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.
(要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。)在这句话中，假设不堵塞，但是真实情况并不是这样，所以用虚拟语气。
一般有2种常见的形式：
1)与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，从句中用一般过去时，主句中用would/could/ should 加动词原形，be 动词的过去式为were.
If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be ever more pronounced.(2007,text 1 )(查看为世界杯和专业队输送人才的欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一奇怪的现象更加明显。)
英语语法虚拟语气的解析
1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中
（1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be动词的过去式用were），而主句中的谓语动词用would / should/ could / might + 动词原形。如：
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
If the had time, she should go with you.
（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用would / should / might / could + have +过去分词。如：
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.
（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/
could might + 动词原形。如；
If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
（4）当条件状语从句表示的'行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如：
If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在）
有关高二英语语法学习之虚拟语气讲解
导语：高中英语语法中的虚拟语气包括了在条件句、名词性从句等中的应用，是英语学习中的一个难点语法，一下是具体内容：
1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中
（1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用"过去式（be动词的过去式用were）"，而主句中的谓语动词用"would / should/ could / might + 动词原形"。如：
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
If the had time, she should go with you.
（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用"would / should / might / could + have +过去分词"。如：
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.
（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的`谓语动词则用would / should/
could might + 动词原形。如；
If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
初中英语知识点总结:虚拟语气
虚拟，在汉语中表示一种假设的，不存在的情况，同样，英语中虚拟语气是用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
在初中阶段，虚拟语气一般用于下列情况：
一、条件状语从句
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如：
If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。(事实上我不可能是你)
If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。(事实上我不知道)
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，从句：主语+had done ， 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done ，例如：
If I'd left sooner，I'd have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)
If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 (事实：去晚了)
职称英语中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。现归纳如下：纯假设，用虚拟，动词时态退一级：条件句，分主从，主句谓语前加would(should，could，might);表愿望，用虚拟，wish后面接宾语(从句)现在过去与将来，动词时态退一级：提建议，用虚拟，宾语(从句)动词用(should)do：俩建议，三要求，再加坚持与命令(suggest，advise，demand，require，request，Insist，order)It is time和would rather，后接丛句用虚拟：部分主语从句中，谓语用虚拟结构
(It necessary /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that......should do) 下面举例说明：
A.If you came tomorrow，we would have the meeting.(条件句虚拟)
B.Without air，there would be no living things.(同上)
C.We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟)
D.He demanded that we(should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)
新概念英语虚拟语气语法讲解
虚拟语气用来表示假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。那么下面是小编为大家分享整理的`新概念英语虚拟语气语法讲解，欢迎大家阅读浏览。
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：
1、虚拟条件句。
2、名词性虚拟语气。
3、虚拟语气的其他用语。
一、虚拟条件句：
条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。
1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：
If 主语+过去时，主语+should(could, would, 或might)+动词原形，如：
If I were you, I would study hard.
If it rained, I would not be here now.
2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为：
If 主语+had+过去分词，主语+should(could, would, 或might)+have+过去分词，如：
If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.
If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.
3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为：
If 主语+should(were to, 过去时)+do，主语+should(could...)+原形do，如：
2016考研英语：深度解读虚拟语气
我们知道由if 引导的条件句有两种形式，一种是真实的条件句，也就说是某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是非常高的。例如If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.(2002。Text1 )(如果你想在谈话中用幽默来使人发笑，你就必须知道如何识别共同的经历和共同的问题。)
另一种就非真实条件句，通过虚拟语气来表达。例如I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.(要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。)在这句话中，假设“不堵塞”，但是真实情况并不是这样，所以用虚拟语气。一般有6种常见的形式：
1)与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，从句中用一般过去时，主句中用would/could/ should 加动词原形，be 动词的过去式为were.
If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be ever more pronounced.(2007,text 1 )(查看为世界杯和专业队输送人才的欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一奇怪的现象更加明显。)
考研英语语法精析：虚拟语气
【考点概述】
虚拟语气有不同的体现形式，在考研英语中多个题型中都有体现，既是考研英语学习的难点，也是考生易失分处。在考研英语中命题频率最高的是if虚 拟条件句，考生需要掌握其形式及其反映的意义。此外，还有if虚拟条件句的省略倒装句式，以及暗含条件的虚拟语气也是考生学习重点。对其他类型的虚拟语气 也要有所了解。对于常见的特殊虚拟语气可以当作固定句式准确记忆。
【要点精析】
虚拟语气主要是表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。虚拟语气，作为动词的一种表现形式，主要是通过动词的不同时态来体现。主要有以下几种：
一、If引导的虚拟条件句
既可以是真实条件状语从句，也可以是非真实条件状语从句。
1、表示对现在事实的假设
条件状语从句谓语用过去时，如是谓语动词为be动词时只能用were，主句谓语用should/would/could/might+动词原形。
例：If I were a bird, I could fly out of the world.如果我是一只鸟，我会飞离这个世界。
2、表示对过去事实的假设
条件状语从句谓语用过去完成时，主句谓语用should/would/could/might+ have+过去分词的形式。
例：If you had not hurried, you would have missed the train.