上半年翻译资格考试复习资料整理

时间：2023-02-25 23:44:59 翻译资格我要投稿

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2017上半年翻译资格考试复习资料整理

　　I. UN Reform

2017上半年翻译资格考试复习资料整理

　　中方支持联合国不断与时俱进，通过改革进一步增强协调各国应对全球性挑战的能力，更好地回应国际社会期待，并提升发展中国家在国际事务中的发言权。改革应是全方位的，应在安全、发展、人权三大领域均衡推进，特别是推动在涉及广大发展中国家切身利益的发展领域取得积极成果。

　　China supports the UN in keeping abreast of the times through reform, and further strengthening its capacity for coordinating international efforts to tackle global challenges so as to better respond to the expectations of the international community, and increasing the voice of developing countries in international affairs. The reform should be an all-round process for balanced progress on security, development and human rights. In particular, positive results should be achieved in development, as it concerns the vital interests of developing countries.

　　改革应优先增加发展中国家在安理会的代表性和发言权，让中小国家有更多机会进入安理会并参与决策。安理会改革涉及联合国未来和全体会员国切身利益，应继续通过充分民主协商，寻求兼顾各方关切和利益的“一揽子”解决方案。中方愿同各方一道，推动改革朝有利于维护联合国长远利益和会员国团结的方向发展。

　　China supports reform of the Security Council for it to better fulfill its responsibilities prescribed in the Charter of the United Nations. The priority of the reform should be on increasing the representation and voice of developing countries in the Security Council so that small and medium-sized countries will have more opportunities to sit on the Security Council and participate in its decision-making process. Reform of the Security Council concerns the future of the UN and vital interests of all member states. It is important to continue with thorough and democratic consultations, and seek a package solution that accommodates the concerns and interests of all parties. China is ready to work with all parties to ensure that the reform will help safeguard the long-term interests of the UN and solidarity of its member states.

　　反对恐怖主义和暴力极端主义

　　II. Countering Terrorism and Violent Extremism

　　当前国际反恐斗争更趋严峻复杂。突出问题是暴力极端主义思想深度蔓延，内生性恐怖威胁急剧上升，严重影响国际社会安全与稳定。中方认为，反恐应综合治理，标本兼治。联合国及其安理会应在国际反恐合作中发挥主导作用，推动建立最广泛反恐战线，加强统筹协调，不断凝聚共识，推动国际反恐形成更大合力。

　　The international combat against terrorism is facing increasingly grim and complex challenges. A serious problem is the entrenchment and spread of ideologies of violent extremism and the sharp increase in endogenous terrorist threats, which have caused severe impact on peace and stability of the international community. China stands for a holistic approach in combating terrorism which addresses both the symptoms and root causes. The UN and its Security Council should play a leading role in international counter-terrorism cooperation and push for the establishment of the broadest counter-terrorism front, enhance coordination and build consensus, and forge greater synergy for international counter-terrorism efforts. The international community should further strengthen counter-terrorism cooperation in accordance with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and fully implement relevant Security Council resolutions and the UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy. The pressing task is to resolutely fight attempts of terrorists to disseminate violent and extremist ideologies, incite hatred between ethnic groups and religious factions, spread techniques of making explosives, plot and launch violent terrorist attacks, recruit and raise fund through the Internet and other modern communications technologies. It is important to foster a sound momentum for all parties to shoulder their due responsibilities and contribute to the fight against cyber terrorism and cooperate in good faith.

　　III. UN Peacekeeping Operations

　　联合国维和行动是联合国维护国际和平与安全的重要手段。中方支持联合国维和行动在坚持“当事方同意、中立和非自卫或履行授权不能使用武力”为核心的“哈马舍尔德维和三原则”基础上，充分履行职责。同时，我们支持联合国维和行动与时俱进，进行合理必要改革，不断发展创新。中方欢迎联合国秘书长去年对维和行动进行评审，支持在会员国广泛共识基础上，循序渐进地落实秘书长报告中有关建议。

　　UN peacekeeping operations are an important instrument for maintaining world peace and security. China supports UN peacekeeping operations in fully fulfilling their mandates on the basis of the Hammarskj?ld principles of “consent of the parties, impartiality and non-use of force except in self-defence and defence of the mandate”. In the meantime, we support UN peacekeeping operations in keeping pace with the times through reasonable and necessary reform and innovation. China welcomes the Secretary-General’s review of peacekeeping operations last year, and supports progressive implementation of relevant proposals in his report on the basis of broad consensus among member states.

　　中国一贯坚定支持、积极参与联合国维和行动，已派出维和人员3万余人次，目前有2600余名维和人员在10个任务区执行维和任务。中国是安理会五常任理事国出兵最多的国家，也是第二大维和摊款出资国。中方将认真落实各项承诺和措施，继续积极、深入参与联合国维和行动，维护世界和平与安全。

　　China has been a firm supporter of and an active participant in UN peacekeeping operations. To date, China has contributed over 30,000 peacekeepers, and over 2,600 Chinese peacekeepers are providing services in 10 operations at present. China is the biggest troop contributor and the second largest fund contributor to UN peacekeeping missions among the five permanent members of the Security Council. At the summits commemorating the 70th anniversary of the UN last September, President Xi Jinping announced a series of important measures to be taken by China in support of the UN peacekeeping operations. These measures are under implementation with steady progress. China will follow through on its pledges and measures, and continue with its active and deep involvement in UN peacekeeping operations in order to safeguard world peace and security.

　　IV. Information and Cyber Security

　　网络空间是人类共同的活动空间，网络空间前途命运应由世界各国共同掌握。各国应该加强沟通、扩大共识、深化合作，共同构建网络空间命运共同体。

　　Cyberspace is the common space of activities for mankind. The future of cyberspace should be in the hands of all countries. Countries should step up communication, broaden consensus and deepen cooperation to jointly build a community of shared future in cyberspace.

　　中方主张，应确保信息和通信技术用于促进经济社会发展及国际和平与稳定，树立共同安全理念，反对网络监听、网络攻击和网络军备竞赛。应尊重各国自主选择网络发展道路、网络管理模式、互联网公共政策和平等参与国际网络空间治理的权利，反对网络霸权和利用网络干涉他国内政。应秉持互利共赢理念，加大对发展中国家援助，弥合数字鸿沟。国际社会应在相互尊重、相互信任的基础上，加强对话合作，在联合国框架下制定各方普遍接受的网络空间国际规则，共同构建和平、安全、开放、合作的网络空间，建立多边、民主、透明的全球互联网治理体系。

　　China maintains that it is necessary to ensure that information and communications technologies are used for the purpose of advancing economic and social development and promoting international peace and stability, establish a sense of common security and oppose cyber surveillance, cyber attack and cyber arms race. It is important to respect the right of countries to independently choose their own path of cyber development, model of cyber regulation and Internet public policies, and participate in international cyberspace governance on an equal footing. No country should pursue cyber hegemony or use the Internet to interfere in other countries’ internal affairs. Countries should uphold the idea of mutual benefit and win-win cooperation and narrow the “digital divide” by scaling up assistance to developing countries. The international community should enhance dialogue and cooperation on the basis of mutual respect and trust, formulate international cyberspace rules acceptable to all parties under the UN framework, work together to foster a peaceful, secure, open and cooperative cyberspace, and establish a multilateral, democratic and transparent global Internet governance system.

　　V. Refugee and Migrant Issue

　　当前，全球难民和流离失所者人数创历史新高，移民规模不断扩大，加强难民和移民问题的治理刻不容缓。

　　The number of refugees and displaced people around the world has hit a record high, and the size of refugees has been constantly expanding. It is urgent to strengthen efforts to address the issue of refugees and migrants.

　　中方主张难民问题要标本兼治，既要加大对难民的人道主义关怀，保障难民的生存与安全，更要注重治本，消除战争、武装冲突、贫困、发展失衡等难民问题产生的根源。

　　China holds that both the symptoms and root causes should be addressed in tackling the refugee issue. It is necessary to provide more humanitarian care to refugees and ensure their life and security. And more importantly, it is necessary to focus more on eradicating the root causes of the issue, including wars, armed conflicts, poverty and unbalanced development.

　　中方主张各国应本着相互尊重、平等互利的原则，在便利人员往来、保障移民合法权益、减少非法移民、打击人口贩卖等领域加强合作，共同促进健康、有序的人口流动。

　　China maintains that countries should follow the principles of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, and enhance cooperation in facilitating people-to-people exchanges, safeguarding legitimate rights and interests of migrants, reducing the number of illegal migrants and combating human trafficking to promote sound and orderly movement of people.

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