英语基本句型学习

时间:2025-10-28 11:15:15 赛赛 基础英语

英语基本句型学习

  英语作为学生学习的重要科目,语法和句型的掌握是构建语言基础的关键。以下是小编整理的英语基本句型学习,希望对大家有所办帮助。

英语基本句型学习

  基本句型

  英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下:

  (说明:S=主语,V=谓语,P=表语,O=宾语,o=间接宾语,C=宾语补足语)

  Ⅰ. 主语+动词(SV)

  在此句式中,v是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。例如:

  Everybody laughed.

  大家都笑了。

  Ⅱ. 主语+动词+表语 (SVP)

  在此句式中,v是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, fall ill/asleep, stand/sit still, become, turn等。例如:

  The story sounds interesting.

  这个故事听起来有趣。

  Ⅲ. 主语+动词+宾语 (SVO)

  在此句式中,v是及物动词(vt.),因此有宾语。例如:

  I love apples.

  我喜欢苹果。

  Ⅳ. 主语+动词+宾语+宾语(SVoO)

  在此句式中,v是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get等。例如:

  I gave him my address.

  我告诉他我的地址。

  Ⅴ. 主语+动词+宾语+补语(SVOC)

  在此句式中,v是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。例如:

  I found the box empty.

  我发现盒子是空的。

  英语基本句型语法

  英语的五种基本句型结构:

  主语 + 不及物动词 (SV)

  主语 + 连系动词 (SVC)

  主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (SVO)

  主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(SVOD)

  主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(SVOC)

  1. S + V

  He works. He is studying.

  ① 主语+谓语(vi.) + 状语(从句)

  The sun sets in the west. He went nowhere

  ② 主语+谓语(vi.) + 名词短语

  We had come a long way. He waited (for) two years.

  2. S + V + C

  He is a student / in yellow / there…

  ① 主语 + be + 表语表语由下列词充当:名词、形容词、副词、介词(短语)、动词不定式、分词(短语)、动名词、从句等

  ② 主语 + 其它连系动词 + 表语这些连系动词包括:appear, continue, feel, go(变成), keep, lie(处于…状态), look, prove, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, become, come, fall, get, grow, turn

  Bob lay sick.

  His dream comes true.

  3. S + V + O

  An idea struck me.

  ① 主语+谓语(v. + prep)+宾语

  It depends on the weather. 备用词:act as, agree on / with / to,

  arrive in (at), come across, base on, break into, suffer from, lead to,

  prefer to, think of, fire at, reach for, quarrel about, worry about

  ② 主语+谓语(v. + adv.)+宾语

  I thought over the plan. I thought it over.

  备用词:bring out (up), think out, turn off (on , out, down), give in

  NOTICE: v + adv. + prep.

  get along with, add up to, do away with,

  break away with, keep up with, go ahead with, go through with

  v. + n. + prep make use of, make fun of, catch sight of,

  take care of, take the place of, take a look at, take pride in

  ③ 主语+谓语+宾语+介词+宾语

  The teacher punished him for being late.

  Congratulate him on his success.

  Compare this with that.

  4. S + V + O + D (间接宾语由代词和名词充当)

  ① 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语

  Will you lend me your pen, please ?

  She bought him many toys.

  ② 主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语 + 介词 + 代词或名词

  Will you lend your pen to me, please ?

  She bought many toys for him.

  备用词:pay, give, hand, sell, pass, offer, explain, sing, leave

  5. S + V + O + C 宾语和宾补之间的关系有两种:主表关系;

  主谓关系。宾语可由形容词、副词、介词、动词不定式充当

  主表:① I find the book interesting. (主谓宾+形容词)

  ② I saw him there. (主谓宾+副词)

  ③ I found the book on the desk.(主谓宾+介词)

  ④ We elected him monitor. (主谓宾+名词)

  主谓:①They saw the thief running away. (主谓宾 + 现在分词)

  ②Where did you see him knocked down?(主谓宾+过分词)

  ③ What makes you think so ?(主谓宾+动词不定式)

【英语基本句型学习】相关文章:

英语的基本句型09-01

英语基本句型介绍10-09

英语的基本句型介绍08-17

大学英语写作基本句型08-23

英语写作常用基本句型10-23

英语语法基本句型07-31

高考英语写作基本句型整合07-24

基础英语知识之基本句型10-23

英语基础句型学习03-20