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保护公众、保护环境。把保护公众作为核应急的.根本宗旨，以一切为了人民的态度和行动应对处置核事故。把保护环境作为核应急的根本要求，尽可能把核事故造成的放射性物质释放降到最小，最大程度控制、减轻或消除对环境的危害。
The basic principles underlying nuclear emergency preparedness in China are: unifiedleadership, different levels of responsibility, tiered arrangements, coordination between thelocality and the military, quick response, and scientific handling.
中国核应急基本原则是：统一领导、分级负责，条块结合、军地协同，快速反应、科学处置。
Unified leadership, different levels of responsibility. Under the unified leadership of the centralgovernment, China has established a nuclear emergency management system featuringassignment of responsibility to different levels. The operator of the relevant nuclearinstallation is the major body of accountability for on-site emergency work. The people’sgovernment at the provincial level is the major body of accountability for off-site emergencyactivities in its jurisdiction.
统一领导、分级负责。在中央政府统一领导下，中国建立分级负责的核应急管理体系。核设施营运单位是核事故场内应急工作责任主体。省级人民政府是本行政区域核事故场外应急工作责任主体。
Tiered arrangements, coordination between the locality and the military. Nuclear emergencyinvolves the central and the local, the military and the government, on-site and off-site,specialized techniques and social administration. Therefore, it is necessary to uphold theprinciples of uniform deployment and centralized planning, mutual support, mutualcoordination, and comprehensive rescue at all times.
条块结合、军地协同。核应急涉及中央与地方、军队与政府、场内与场外、专业技术与社会管理等方面，必须坚持统筹兼顾、相互配合、大力协同、综合施救。
Quick response, scientific handling. When a nuclear accident occurs, all levels of nuclearemergency organizations shall be mobilized at the earliest possible time to rapidly control andmitigate the accident to minimize any impact on the public and the environment. Everyeffort shall be made to take into account the characteristics and rules applicable to nuclearaccidents as the basis for organizing studies and evaluations to enable scientific decision-making, and enforce a full range of response actions in an effective manner, includingradiation monitoring, worksite rescue, decontamination and cleansing, radiation protectionand medical treatment, and so forth.
快速反应、科学处置。核事故发生后，各级核应急组织及早介入，迅速控制缓解事故，减轻对公众和环境的影响。遵循应对处置核事故特点规律，组织开展分析研判，科学决策，有效实施辐射监测、工程抢险、去污洗消、辐射防护、医学救援等响应行动。
III.All-round Promotion of Nuclear EmergencyPreparedness
三、核应急"一案三制"建设
China lays great store by the planning, andlegislative/institutional/regulatory systems (knownin Chinese as "One Planning plus Three Systems")associated with nuclear emergency preparedness,and ensures the establishment and full functioningof a national nuclear emergency management systemthrough the safeguards of legislation, institutionand regulations.
中国高度重视核应急的预案和法制、体制、机制(简称"一案三制")建设，通过法律制度保障、体制机制保障，建立健全国家核应急组织管理体系。
Strengthening national nuclear emergency planning system building. The National NuclearEmergency Plan is an action program pre-set by the central government to cope with nuclearaccident scenarios. The National Nuclear Emergency Plan lays down a whole set of regulations onthe organizational system, command and coordination mechanism, emergency responseclassification, post-accident restoration actions, and emergency preparation and safeguardmeasures related to nuclear emergency preparation and response actions. In line with therequirements of the National Nuclear Emergency Plan, governments at all levels and nuclearinstallation operators must draw up nuclear emergency plans fully in keeping with the NationalNuclear Emergency Plan, so as to form a nationwide system of nuclear emergency planning.
加强全国核应急预案体系建设。《国家核应急预案》是中央政府应对处置核事故预先制定的工作方案。《国家核应急预案》对核应急准备与响应的组织体系、核应急指挥与协调机制、核事故应急响应分级、核事故后恢复行动、应急准备与保障措施等作了全面规定。按照《国家核应急预案》要求，各级政府部门和核设施营运单位制定核应急预案，形成相互配套衔接的全国核应急预案体系。
Strengthening nuclear emergency legislative system building. China has put in place its ownnuclear emergency legal framework, comprising state laws, administrative regulations,departmental rules, national and industrial standards, and management guidelines. As early asAugust 1993 China put into effect the Regulations on Emergency Management of NuclearAccidents at Nuclear Power Plants. Since the beginning of this century China has, in succession,enacted the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of RadioactivePollution and Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of China, providing regulationsand requirements from the legal perspective on nuclear emergency preparedness. In July2015 the newly revised State Security Law of the People's Republic of China was promulgated,further reinforcing the nuclear accident emergency system and emergency response capacitybuilding to prevent, control and eliminate damage to the life and health of the general publicand ecological environment. In keeping with the foregoing laws and regulations, relevantdepartments of the government have worked out and put into effect their respective regulationsand management guidelines, and relevant institutions and nuclear-related industries havedrawn up applicable technical standards. The military also has drawn up relevantregulations, and established systems governing emergency rescue actions associated withnuclear emergency preparedness. Currently efforts are being made to push forward thelegislative process associated with the Atomic Energy Law and Nuclear Safety Law.