元旦的英文介绍
New Year's Day is the first day of the lunar calendar. it is the day when the earth has circled the sun for one round and is beginning another circling. it represents a new beginning when people send off the old days and welcome the new ones. as the first day of the year, yuandan has been considered to be the most important festival since the ancient times.
元旦是农历的第一天。这是一天，当地球绕着太阳转一圈，正在开始另一个循环。当人们送走旧的日子，并欢迎新的朋友的时候，它代表了一个新的开始。作为一年的第一天，元旦已被认为是自古以来最重要的节日。
customs
1.kaisui(beginning of the year): according to the chinese traditional custom, starting from haishi(9p.m. to 11p.m.)of the last evening of the twelfth lunar month, each family must prepare offering s to deities at the altar. at the same time, they too prepare food for the new year day: the whole family will then stay awake together to attend to the year(called shou sui). after haishi, zishi(11p.m. to 1a.m.)will come, and this is the arrival of new year(yuandan). at this moment, people begin the celebration with fireworks. vegetarian and sweet foods will then be placed are the altar for offerings, and incense be burned to welcome the deities. in the ancient times, it was believed that haishi connected the two years and thus was called kaisui.
At the same night, some families will follow the instruction in tongshu and place preparing altar in the direction of the "fortune deity" during the "fortune time" to receive the deity. if the direction of the "fortune deity" is at the "ill position", people will choose to receive "happy deity" or "noble deity" instead.
习俗
开岁(一年的开始)：根据中国传统习俗，从亥时(21点到23点)的阴历第十二个月的最后一个晚上，每个家庭必须准备提供的s到神的祭坛。同时，他们也准备了新的一年的食物：整个家庭，然后保持清醒，一起参加一年(称为守岁)。在亥时，子时(23：00-1：00.)会来的，这是新的一年的到来(元旦)。在这一刻，人们开始用烟火庆祝。素食和甜食，然后被放置在祭坛，和香被烧毁欢迎神。在古代，人们认为亥时连接两年，因此被称为“开岁”。
在同一天晚上，一些家庭将按照在统和地方在“幸运神”在“财富时间”得到神的祭坛方向准备指令。如果“财富之神”的方向是“不适的位置”，人们会选择接受“快乐之神”或“高贵的神”。
2. There is an apparent difference in the custom of food taking on yuandan between the chinese in the northern and southern regions. the northern chinese has the habit of taking jiao zi(dumpling made of flour with vegetable and meat wrapped inside). some people may put a sweet or a coin inside jiao zi, hoping to have a sweet year after tasting the sweet and a wealthy year after tasting the coin. on the other hand, the southern chinese have the taboo for killing on yuandan. therefore, they do not take meat in tee morning of yuandan, so as to avoid bloodshed or mutual slaughter. in order to evade misfortune, they have the first meal of this day without meat. instead, they take vegetarian food for the sake of virtue.
在以北部和南部地区之间的中国的元旦食物习惯明显不同。北方人有取饺子的习惯(饺子是用面粉做的，里面有蔬菜和肉包)。有些人可能把一个甜的或一个硬币内的饺子，希望有一个甜蜜的一年后品尝的甜蜜和一个富裕的一年后，品尝硬币。另一方面，中国南方有就元旦杀害禁忌。因此，他们不参加的元旦早上发球肉类，以避免流血或互相残杀。为了逃避不幸，他们在这一天的第一顿饭没有肉。相反，他们以素食为美德。
3. What is special during the new year is that parents or elders will distribute red packets(ang pao or ya sui qian)to the children. people in the ancient times were more particular in giving away the red packets: the distribution took place on the eve of new year so that the kids could suppress the past year and enter the new year. ya sui has the meaning of overcoming the unpredictable future. representing the wishes for the healthy psychological growth of the children, ya sui qian symbolises the elders' hope to see their children overcome all the unpredictable elements brought by the "year".
新的一年里有什么特殊的是，父母或长辈会把红色的包(和“包”和“你的钱”)分发给孩子们。远古时代的人们更特别地在赠送红包：新的一年的除夕之夜的分布，使孩子们能压制过去的一年，进入新的一年。“雅”的意思是克服不可预知的未来。代表对健康儿童心理成长的愿望，压岁钱象征长老希望看到自己的孩子克服各种不可预知的因素所带来的“年”。
外国人过新年
德国——“跳进新年”
在德国，自古以来就有一种风俗：除夕之夜，男人们聚集在一起，喝酒、玩牌直到午夜。快到十二点钟时，大家跳到桌子、椅子上，钟声一响，一个个往下跳，说是“跳进”新年，紧接着扔棍子，表示辞旧岁。
在农村，有传统的爬树比赛。每村选一棵又直又高的树，砍去树枝。元旦清晨，在赛场上选择十几株高达数丈的秃树，小伙子们顺着光溜溜的树干比赛爬高，谁最先爬到树顶，就是优胜者，被誉为“新年英雄”，以示步步高升。此外，德国人多在新年那天组成乐队，通街游行演奏，欢庆新的一年到来。
西班牙——吃十二颗葡萄
西班牙人在除夕之前要设路障，放捕兽器，挖好陷阱，以对付除夕下凡的妖魔鬼怪。除夕之夜，全家人团聚一起尽情玩耍。等午夜十二点教堂的钟声敲响的时候，大家便争着吃葡萄。如果能按着钟声吃下十二颗葡萄，便是象征着新的一年十二个月都顺利如意。另外，他们认为小孩子在元旦那天打架、骂人或哭哭啼啼是不祥之兆。因此，家长在这一天为博得孩子的欢欣，几乎都要满足他们提出的一切要求。
葡萄牙——观看斗牛表演
葡萄牙斗牛之风盛行，每年元旦前后十天是斗牛的高潮，成千上万的人扶老携幼，潮水般涌向市镇斗牛场，以观看斗牛士的精彩表演。
比利时——向动物拜年
比利时的农村，有的农民习惯于向动物拜年，他们在新年的第一天凌晨便起床，走到马、牛、猪、狗等动物旁边，向它们说一声“新年快乐”。