考研英语主旨大意题复习指导

发布时间:2017-06-30 编辑:张莉

  阅读理解之主旨大意题,顾名思义,主旨即为文章中心,主旨大意题主要考查学生找准文章中心,正确理解主旨大意的能力。那么怎样能够保证准确定位文章中心是考生作对主旨大意题的关键。下面小编为大家详细介绍几种能提高定位文章中心准确性的技巧:

  一、先读五个题目,找出题干中出现的频率较高的普通词汇或表达,它们很有可能是文章中心论点或是所涉及的内容,通过题干中的高频词汇或表达,推导出文章中心论点和主要内容。例,阅读理解题(2002,Text 1) 的五道题目主干:

  41.To make your humor work,you should_____.

  42.The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are______.

  43.It can be inferred from the text that public services_____.

  44.To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered_____.

  45.The best title for the text may be ___A__.

  A. Use Humor Effectively B. Various Kinds of Humor

  C.Add Humor to Speech D. Different Humor Strategies

  通过解析41题的题干“为了使你的幽默奏效”,42题的题干“关于医生的笑话暗指…”,44题的题干“为了取得预期结果”,正确理解出三个题干的意思后,综合分析理解,可推出文章最佳题目应为A选项,“有效地使用幽默”,因为有效地使用了幽默才会有助于达到预期结果,才会让人们正确理解笑话暗含的意思。

  二、文章中心论点通常出现在首段,最迟也会在第二段首句出现。如若出现在首段首句,论点自然明了;若出现在首段末句,通常前面交代的是故事、现象、背景、影响等以引导出文章中心论点。所以,同学们在寻找文章中心论点的时候一定要注重首段的首尾句,和第二段的首句。例,2003 Text 1,2006 Text 3的文章中心论点均出现在首段末。

  三、文章首段中使用转折引出文章论点,转折词有but, yet, however,nevertheless 等转折连词。这些转折词后的内容为中心论点。如,

  Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry -- William Shakespeare -- but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.(2006 Text 2)

  Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.(2006 Text 4)

  需要注意的是,首段中有时不止出现一个转折词,遇到这种情况,同学要仔细读,认真看,通常大写的转折连词后的内容是文章论点,而小写的是句子内的转折,即要注意转折的层次。如,

  Aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar Japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the United States and Europe.But increasingly the Japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values. Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw thief jobs as their primary reason for being, but now japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs,and young people don’t know where they should go next.(2001 Text 4)

  2001年的这段出现了两个but ,第一个是大写,第二个小写。很明显,第一个but 后是文章的论点,第二个 but 是句中转折,作为十年前与现在的对比,是对现状的强调,而不是文章的论点。

  以上是针对阅读理解中的主旨大意题,确定文章中心论点的技巧,希望能对考研学子们有所指导和帮助。考研不是一个人的战斗,在漫漫考研路上,小编一直伴你左右,为同学们解惑答疑。祝同学们考研成功!

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