2016考研英语词汇:as的三种用法

发布时间:2017-08-20 编辑:bin

  在考研英语中,不能对文章词汇有正确的理解,那么做题就会很难。下面是对as用法的总结,希望考生们可以通过这篇文章,可以完全掌握as的用法。

  as作介词

  从词性来看,as主要有介词、连词、关系词。当as作为介词时,往往与动词搭配,形式为...as...,这时动词就不要使用本意,而是统一翻译为将A视为B;把A看成B,在考研英语中出现的动词总结如下:see/view/regard/consider/identify/define /classify/interpret/dismiss/elect/accept/think of A as B。除了这些简单的词语外,当宾语A复杂时会后置于B,形式如下: v. as B A。我们来看一句话On the other hand he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that while he was a good observer he had no power of reasoning.动词是accept,介词是as,as后直接跟的宾语B(形容词),A由于复杂后置到了B后,是the charge,后跟一系列的定语-made by some of his critics以及同位语-while he was a good observer he had no power of reasoning,这句话是说另一方面,他认为一些批评者的指控没有根据,指控内容是说虽然他是个好的观察者,但他没有推理能力。

  as当连词

  当as作为连词时,可以表时间:随着....../当......时候(一般位于句首)。例句如下:asfunding for science has declined, scientists have attacked "anti-science" in several books.随着用于科学的资金减少,科学家在一些书中攻击“反科学”论调。可以表原因:既然、由于=since。例句如下:We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished,asthe peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.我们感激他们,是因为一些语言自此以后消失了,消失是由于这些语言使用者已经死去或者被同化,进而失去了他们本族语言。可以表让步:尽管、虽然,(as一定不能位于句首,位于句中第二个词)。例句如下:

  In addition, difficult as it is to believe, there are desert fish which can survive through years of drought in the form of inactive eggs.另外,尽管很难相信,确实存在沙漠鱼,这些鱼以不活跃卵的形式在干旱中存活数年。可以表比较,as...as + 词/句子:和...一样、像...一样;not so......as + 词/句子:和...不一样、不像...那样;not so much...as...:与其说...不如说...。可以表方式,等于in the way that,按照、正如。

  as作关系词

  as作为关系词时,引导限定性定语从句:先行词前有such/the same;非限定性定语从句:修饰整个句子,比如as is known to all, ...;..., as is often the case;...,as you know,...。

  下面参照例句进行分析as用法:

  句一:But he talkedas wellabout the“balanced struggle”between creative freedom and social responsibility.该句涉及到的as的用法是as well--也,相当于too,用法简单单一,翻译如下:然而他也同样讨论了创造性的自由以及社会责任之间的制约挣扎。

  句二:Itidentifiesthe undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dyingasthe twin problems of end-of-life care.as出现在这里是作为的意思,因此是介词,而介词常常考察的是与其他动词搭配使用,往前找到常见动词identify,翻译为把...视为临终关怀的两个问题,往前找到并列的两个问题分别是什么,而在as前边的结构中,稍微有些复杂,procedures后边跟着定语从句,其前边有两个and, 其中一个and肯定是连接并列的两个问题,很容易看出第二个and,连接的是两个形容词ineffectual and forced,而第一个and并列两个问题,理清总体结构后再进行翻译:这份报告把对疼痛的不足治疗以及过度使用无效、强制性的医疗程序视为临终关怀的两个问题,而其中的医疗程序有可能延长甚至使病人死得难堪。

  句三:The chief reason for the population growthisn`t so mucha rise in birth ratesasa fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.这里出现固定结构not so much...as...:与其说...不如说...此结构更加强调的是后者,因此该句话是说人口增长的主要原因与其说是出生率的增加,不如说是死亡率的降低,正是医疗护理改革的结果。

  句四:Thusjust asearlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents,sohot spots may explain their mutability.这里也涉及一个固定结构,just as...,so...正如...一样,...也,强调的是类比结构而非转折关系,翻译如下:正如先前理论解释了大陆的移动性,热点地区也可能解释了它们的易变性。

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